不同体育活动方案干预对学龄前儿童基本动作技能的影响  

Effects of Different Physical Exercise Program Interventions on Fundamental Movement Skills of Preschool Children

作　　者：王光旭 张铈堃 苏杉 刘阳 WANG Guangxu;ZHANG Shikun;SU Shan;LIU Yang(School of Physical Education,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;College of Physical Education,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,Henan,China;Shanghai Student Physical Fitness Research Center,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育大学体育教育学院,上海200438 [2]河南师范大学体育学院,河南新乡453007 [3]上海市学生体质健康研究中心,上海200438

出　　处：《上海体育学院学报》2023年第9期85-94,共10页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(19BTY077);上海市海外高层次人才项目(TP2022102)。

摘　　要：目的探究不同体育活动方案对学龄前儿童基本动作技能的影响及效果差异。方法将招募的309名学龄前儿童分配至干预组和对照组,进行16周干预;在实验前后测量学龄前儿童的基本动作技能,采用SPSS软件对测量数据进行分析;最终纳入分析246人,年龄为(4.55±0.28)岁。结果干预组学龄前儿童的基本动作技能改善较对照组更全面;球类游戏组和综合活动组学龄前儿童基本动作技能改善效果优于基本动作活动组和韵律活动组。结论体育活动方案较自由玩耍能更有效地改善学龄前儿童的基本动作技能;综合性、多种动作形式的体育活动方案较项目和动作形式单一的体育活动方案能更好地提高学龄前儿童的基本动作技能。Objectives To explore the influence of different physical exercise programs on the fundamental movement skills of preschool children and the effect differences.Methods 309 preschool children were cluster-randomly assigned to the intervention group and the control group for 16 weeks intervention.Their fundamental movement skills were measured before and after the intervention.SPSS software was used to analyze the data.246 preschool children,aged(4.55±0.28)years,were included in the final analysis.Results The indexes of fundamental movement skills were significantly improved in the intervention groups than those in the control group.And the ball game group and multiple activities group had better skills than those in the fundamental movement group and rhythm group.Conclusion The physical exercise programs can more effectively improve the fundamental movement skills of preschool children than free play.Compared with the exercise programs with single sport and action form,the comprehensive exercise programs with multiple action forms can better improve their skills.

关 键 词：基本动作技能 韵律活动 球类游戏 综合活动 学龄前儿童 

分 类 号：G807.1[文化科学—体育训练]