退耕还林还草背景下脱贫地区农户收入影响因素分析  

Influencing Factors to Farmers'Incomes in Poverty-alleviation Area with Converting Farmland to Forest Programs Implemented

作　　者：贾天宇 李贺 赵荣[1] 王冬琳 Jia Tianyu;Li He;Zhao Rong;Wang Donglin(Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所,北京100091 [2]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《林草政策研究》2023年第1期24-30,共7页Journal of forestry and grassland policy

基　　金：中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“定点县返贫风险预警与防范研究”(CAFYBB2021QC002);国家林业和草原局专项委托课题“巩固生态脱贫成果现状与分析”(500102-1740)。

摘　　要：退耕还林还草工程实施以来,在改善地区生态环境和发展农村经济等多方面起到了较为明显的作用。文中旨在揭示退耕还林还草背景下,脱贫地区农户收入的各影响因素对其家庭总收入和林业收入在不同水平分位数上的影响程度,以期为退耕还林还草工程的进一步实施和脱贫地区巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴的有效衔接提出可行的政策建议。在对国家林业和草原局4个定点帮扶县实地调研的基础上,分析了当地农户的收入结构,提出林业收入的重要性,采取分位数回归的方法探究退耕还林还草背景下脱贫地区农户家庭总收入和林业收入的影响因素。分析结果表明,退耕还林还草会在一定程度上抑制低收入脱贫农户的增收,但促进了中高收入脱贫农户的收入增加。在此基础上,提出了以下3条调整优化建议:1)准确识别脱贫农户家庭收入,对于低收入农户审慎推进退耕还林还草工程进度,对于中高收入的农户在林业产业政策引导下优先退耕;2)引入林业优势特色产业、引导农户林业适度规模经营;3)提升农户的生态认知能力,推动扶贫、扶志与扶智的结合,实现农民收入的可持续增长。Since its implementation,the Converting Farmland to Forest Program(CFFP)has played a distinctive role in improving ecological environment and rural economy.This study attempts to reveal to what extent the various factors affecting farmers'income in poverty alleviation areas influence their total household income and forestry income at different niches of Quantile by implementing the CFFP,with a view to putting forward feasible policy recommendations for the CFFP's further implementation and leveraging efforts to connect the consolidation and expansion of the achievements made in poverty alleviation with the efforts to promote rural revitalization.With the field investigation of the four counties that are designated to receive the supports from the National Forestry and Grassland Administration,this paper analyzes the income structure of local farmers,identifies the importance of forestry income,and then adopts quintile regression method to explore the influencing factors to total household income and forestry income of farmers in poverty-alleviation areas where the CFFP has been implemented.The results show that the CFFP generally inhibits the income increase of low-income farmers,while it has increased the income of middle-and high-income farmers.In this sense,recommendations are proposed,including:1)Accurately identifying the household income of farmers who have got rid of poverty,prudently promote low-income farmers to implement the CFFP,and give priority to the middle-and high-income farmers in the conversion under the guidance of forestry industrial policies;2)Introducing advantageous forestry industries with characteristic to guide farmers to carry out the forest management at an appropriate scale;and 3)Improving farmers'ability in ecological cognition to realize the combination of poverty alleviation,ambition building and intelligence improvement so as to achieve the sustainable growth of farmers'income.

关 键 词：退耕还林还草 脱贫地区 林业收入 分位数回归 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济] F326.2