跨国并购的技术创新机理研究--海尔集团并购FPA案例研究  

How Does Knowledge Transfer Drive Technical Innovation in M&A?-A Case Study on Haier’s Acquisition of FPA

作　　者：赵剑波[1] Zhao Jianbo(Institute of Industrial Economics of China Academy of Social Science,Beijing 100006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所,北京100006

出　　处：《技术经济》2023年第8期64-75,共12页Journal of Technology Economics

基　　金：中国社会科学院登峰计划项目(企业管理)。

摘　　要：跨国技术并购中的知识转移能够提升企业创新绩效,但作为并购方的中国企业在技术上并没有并购对象先进,这就导致并购企业不能有效地管理知识转移过程。为明确在跨国技术并购中知识转移促进技术创新的内在机制,并解释知识一致性、战略互补性、组织匹配性等因素对于知识转移效率的影响机制,本文采用案例研究的方法,以海尔集团并购FPA为研究对象,研究中国企业通过跨国并购实现技术创新机理。结果表明,跨国技术并购过程中知识一致性、资源互补性、组织匹配性等因素,有助于并购企业间的知识转移,并最终提升了并购企业的创新绩效。知识一致性、战略互补性和组织匹配性增强了知识转移对于企业创新绩效的影响。从知识转移研究的角度看,知识一致性能够提升吸收能力,并降低知识转移的成本。从并购研究的视角看,战略互补性、组织匹配性则为知识转移提供了保障机制。最后,本文提出我国企业通过跨国并购战略获取关键技术的过程中,应该评估与并购对象的知识一致性、战略互补性和组织匹配性,能够提升并购企业的吸收能力,增强并购双方的跨组织创新网络与联系,使得知识转移更加容易在并购企业双方之间发生,最终提升并购企业的创新绩效。Knowledge transfer in technological acquisition can improve the innovation performance of enterprises,but as the acquirer,Chinese enterprises are not as advanced in technology as the object of the merger,which leads to the inability of merger and acquirer to effectively manage the process of knowledge transfer.In order to clarify the internal mechanism of knowledge transfer promoting technological innovation in mergers and acquisitions,and explain the influence mechanism of knowledge congruity,strategic complementarity,organizational fitness and other factors on knowledge transfer efficiency,the method of case study was adopted and took Haier Group’s merger and acquisition of Fisher&Paykel Group as the research object to study the mechanism of Chinese enterprises’technological innovation through cross-border merger and acquisition.The results show that the factors such as knowledge congruity,strategic complementarity,organizational fitness in the process of transnational technology mergers and acquisitions are conducive to the knowledge transfer between acquirer and objective firms,and ultimately improve the innovation performance of acquirer.Knowledge congruity,strategic complementarity,organizational fitness enhances the influence of knowledge transfer on enterprise innovation performance.From the perspective of knowledge transfer research,knowledge consistency can improve absorptive capacity and reduce the cost of knowledge transfer.From the perspective of merger and acquisition research,strategic complementarity and organizational matching provide a guarantee mechanism for knowledge transfer.Finally,it is proposed that in the process of acquiring key technologies through cross-border merger and acquisition strategy,Chinese enterprises should evaluate the knowledge consistency,strategic complementarity and organizational matching with acquisition objective,which can improve the absorption capacity of acquisition objective,enhance the cross-organizational innovation network and connection between the merger

关 键 词：跨国并购 知识转移 知识一致性 资源互补性 组织匹配性 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]