寿光设施番茄死棵病原真菌的分离及鉴定  

Isolation and identification of pathogenic fungi from dead tomato plants in Shouguang facilities

作　　者：程琳 李珊珊 武玉芬 李艳青[3] 张海娟 魏美甜 CHENG Lin;LI Shanshan;WU Yufen;LI Yanqing;ZHANG Haijuan;WEI Meitian(Shandong Shouguang Vegetable Seed Industry Group Co.Ltd.,Shouguang 262700,Shandong,China;China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Weifang University of Science&Technology,Shouguang 262700,Shandong,China;Zibo Digital Agriculture Rural Development Center,Zibo 255020,Shandong,China;Shandong Shouguang Vegetable Industry Group Co.Ltd.,Shouguang 262700,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东寿光蔬菜种业集团有限公司,山东寿光262700 [2]中国农业大学,北京100083 [3]潍坊科技学院,山东寿光262700 [4]淄博市数字农业农村发展中心,山东淄博255020 [5]山东省寿光蔬菜产业集团有限公司,山东寿光262700

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2023年第9期7-15,共9页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程2021LZGC017);山东省重点研发计划(竞争性创新平台项目2022CXPT011);山东省重点研发计划(农业良种工程2022LZGCQY003);山东省重点研发计划(泰山产业领军人才工程LJNY202027)。

摘　　要：为了明确寿光地区番茄死棵病害发生分布情况及其真菌病原菌种类,采用随机调查的方法对寿光地区8个设施番茄产区进行病害调查,并从死棵病株中分离纯化菌株,通过形态学、分子生物学和人工接种等方法对病原菌进行了鉴定。结果表明,寿光大部分设施番茄产区均有死棵病害发生,平均发病率为13.3%。共分离获得真菌菌株249株,鉴定出2种镰刀菌,分别为尖孢镰刀菌和茄病镰刀菌,其中尖孢镰刀菌的分离频率较高,属于优势菌属,又进一步鉴定为尖孢镰刀菌番茄颈腐根腐病专化型、番茄枯萎病生理小种1和生理小种3。针对不同的病原菌,可以制定有效的策略,进行针对性的病害防控,为设施番茄安全生产及抗病育种提供重要依据。In order to clarify the occurrence and distribution of tomato plant dead diseases in Shouguang area and the fungal pathogens,the random method was used to investigate the diseases in 8 facility tomato production fields in Shouguang area,and the strains were isolated and purified from the tomato plant dead.The pathogens were identified by morphology,molecular biology and artificial inoculation.The results showed that tomato plant dead occurred in most of the tomato production areas in Shouguang,with an average incidence rate of 13.3%.A total of 249 fungal strains were isolated and two species of Fusarium were identified,named F.oxysporum and Fusarium solium.Among them,F.oxysporum has a higher isolation frequency and belongs to the dominant genus.F.oxysporum was further identified as F.oxysporum tomato neck rot root rot specialization type,tomato fusarium wilt physiological race 1 and physiological race 3.To sum up,the fungal pathogens that cause tomato plants dead in Shouguang area are F.solanum,F.oxysporum tomato neck rot root rot specialization,Fusarium wilt physiological race 1 and physiological race 3,and there are pathogenic bacteria compound infection.According to different pathogenic bacteria,effective strategies can be formulated to carry out targeted disease prevention and control,which provides important basis for safe production and disease resistance breeding of tomato in facilities.

关 键 词：番茄死棵 尖孢镰刀菌 病原菌鉴定 优势菌种 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S626.5[农业科学—园艺学]