铁路工程地质遥感专题数据库建设方法及应用研究  

Research on Construction Method and Application of Remote Sensing Thematic Database of Railway Engineering Geology

作　　者：薛宇腾 谢猛 黄新文 李纯 周清华 XUE Yuteng;XIE Meng;HUANG Xinwen;LI Chun;ZHOU Qinghua(China Railway Engineering Design and Consulting Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100055,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司,北京100055

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2023年第10期34-39,共6页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：中国中铁股份有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(2020-01-重点-12)。

摘　　要：为了提高铁路工程地质遥感解译的工作质量,实现铁路工程地质遥感数据的集成化管理,解决遥感解译工作中基于多源数据综合分析困难的问题,充分挖掘数据价值,对铁路工程地质遥感专题数据库建设方法和应用进行研究。针对铁路工程地质遥感数据的内容、类型和特征进行分析,将数据库分为基础地理信息数据、遥感数据和解译成果数据;规定了基础地理信息数据的数据内容和入库标准,提出不同解译内容和精度要求需要的遥感数据,以及其采集与处理原则;最后提出解译成果数据库的设计原则,明确数据制作标准,并提供了几种地质现象的数据库设计参照表,基于上述论述形成专题数据库的建设方法。以某山区铁路为例,应用该方法进行工程地质遥感专题数据库的建设,详述某滑坡解译成果数据的制作原则和过程,利用GIS系统的统计分析、空间分析功能,分析滑坡的几何与属性关系。研究成果可实现对地质遥感解译全过程数据的综合管理和应用,为同类型铁路工程地质遥感专题数据库的建设和应用提供参考。In order to improve the quality of remote sensing interpretation of railway engineering geology,realize the integrated management of remote sensing data of railway engineering geology,overcome the difficulties in comprehensive analysis based on multi-source data in remote sensing interpretation,and fully tap the value of data,the construction method and application of remote sensing thematic database of railway engineering geology are studied.Based on the analysis of the contents,types and characteristics of remote sensing data of railway engineering geology,the database is divided into basic geographic information data,remote sensing data and interpretation results data.The data content and database entry standard of basic geographic information data are defined and the remote sensing data required by different interpretation content and accuracy requirements are proposed,including its collection and processing principles.Finally,the paper puts forward the design principles of the database of interpretation results,clarifies the data production standards and provides several reference tables for database design of geological phenomena.With reference to a mountain railway,this method is applied to construct a remote sensing thematic database of engineering geology;the principles and process of producing the data of a landslide interpretation are described in detail;the statistical analysis and spatial analysis functions of GIS system are used to analyze the relationship between geometry and attribute of landslide.The research results can realize the comprehensive management and application of the whole process data of geological remote sensing interpretation,and provide some references for the construction and application of the same type of remote sensing thematic database of railway engineering geology.

关 键 词：铁路工程 工程地质 遥感解译 专题数据库 GIS 山区铁路 

分 类 号：U212.22[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]