自制酵素和木醋液对朱砂叶螨的防效研究  

Effects of self-made fermented bio-extracts and wood vinegar on Tetranychus cinnabarinus

作　　者：黄群义 李振宇 叶乐夫[2] 历佳月 王欣宇 韩亚静 付雪[1] HUANG Qun-Yi;LI Zhen-Yu;YE Le-Fu;LI Jia-Yue;WANG Xin-Yu;HAN Ya-Jing;FU Xue(College of Modern Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China;College of Plant Protection,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨150080 [2]东北农业大学植物保护学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《黑龙江大学工程学报（中英俄文）》2023年第3期105-112,共8页Journal of Engineering of Heilongjiang University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31100304);黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费基础研究项目(2022-KYYWF-1068);黑龙江大学大学生创新创业科研项目(YJSCX2022-264HLJU);黑龙江大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910212033)。

摘　　要：为探索酵素等生物制剂对螨害发展的综合影响,有助于开发出肥药一体的优秀生物制剂。使用酵素、木醋液及混合液剂处理研究了离体大豆叶片叶螨的繁殖发育情况变化和原位大豆植株上叶螨的种群动态及抗逆酶活性变化。结果发现,木醋液对朱砂叶螨的产卵相对于混合液有促进作用(+43%);但是延迟叶螨卵孵化,卵期较长(+34%);酵素和木醋液处理的朱砂叶螨净生殖力较高(+11%,+20%);酵素处理降低叶片的抗逆酶SOD活性水平(-33%),同时增加虫体抗逆酶GST活性水平(+100%~+110%);对大豆的生长指标没有明显影响。即3种液剂喷施对叶螨没有明显短期的毒杀影响,而对植株上的叶螨的长期综合作用(直接和间接作用)较显著,整体上对植株有利。为酵素和木醋液在有害生物的绿色防控方面提供了新证据。To explore the comprehensive effects of fermented bio-extract and other biological agents on the development of mite damage is helpful to develop excellent biological agents integrating fertilizer and pesticide.The changes of the reproduction and development of spider mites in vitro was as well as population dynamics of spider mites on soybean plants in situ were studied by using fermented bio-extract,wood vinegar and mixed solution.The results showed that wood vinegar could promote the oviposition of Tetranychus cinnabarinus(+43%),and the mixed solution could inhibit and delay the egg hatching of it(+34%).Fermented bio-extract treatment improved the quality of crop products(+11%,+20%),decreased the level of anti-stress enzyme activity(-33%)and inhibited the population of spider mites(+100%~+110%)(increased the level of anti-stress enzyme activity),however did not exhibit significant effect on the growth index of soybean.In other words,the three kinds of liquid agent had no significant effect on the mite body,but inhibited the comprehensive effect(direct and indirect effect)of the mite on the plant,thus had a favorable effect on the plant.This study provided a basis for the green control of pests by fermented bio-extract and wood vinegar.

关 键 词：酵素 木醋液 朱砂叶螨 抗逆酶 

分 类 号：S433.7[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]