使用协方差矩阵分解的矢量阵声压振速联合处理波达方向估计  

Direction of arrival estimation of acoustic vector sensor array based on the combined information processing of pressure and particle velocity using covariance matrix decomposition

作　　者：张旭[1,2,3] 时胜国[1,2,3] 朱晓春 徐付佳 ZHANG Xu;SHI Shengguo;ZHU Xiaochun;XU Fujia(National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001;Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security(Harbin Engineering University),Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin 150001;College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学水声技术全国重点实验室,哈尔滨150001 [2]工业和信息化部海洋信息获取与安全工信部重点实验室(哈尔滨工程大学),哈尔滨150001 [3]哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《声学学报》2023年第5期937-949,共13页Acta Acustica

摘　　要：提出一种使用协方差矩阵分解(CMD)的声矢量阵声压振速联合处理方法。该方法将声压振速互协方差矩阵分解为观测方位系数矩阵和剩余协方差矩阵,将系数矩阵与导向矢量结合避免了观测方位的选择,对剩余协方差矩阵进行奇异值分解并重构厄米特协方差矩阵,最后对重构的协方差矩阵实施最小方差无失真响应(MVDR)方法处理。理论分析表明,使用重构的协方差矩阵能够获得更高的阵处理增益。数值仿真结果验证了本文方法的计算量与Nehorai处理方法相近,但较传统声压振速联合处理方法具有更高的阵处理增益和目标分辨能力。A combined processing method of pressure and particle velocity(PV-CPM)for acoustic vector sensor array using covariance matrix decomposition(CMD)is proposed.In this method,the cross-covariance matrix of pressure and particle velocity is decomposed into an observation angle coefficient matrix and a residual covariance matrix.To avoid choosing the observation angle,the coefficient matrix is combined with the guidance vector.By adopting the singular value decomposition,the residual covariance matrix is reconstructed into the new Hermitian covariance matrix,which is ultimately used to implement the MVDR beamforming method.Theoretical analysis shows that the new covariance matrix can achieve higher array processing gain.Furthermore,the numerical simulation proves that the computational complexity of the proposed method is similar to that of the Nehorai’s method,but its array processing gain and multi-target resolution are higher than those of the traditional PV-CPM.

关 键 词：声矢量阵 矩阵分解 奇异值分解 观测方位 波达方向估计 

分 类 号：TN911.7[电子电信—通信与信息系统] TN929.3[电子电信—信息与通信工程]