判例运用与理想法学教育的探索  

Exploration of the Application of Precedents and Ideal Legal Education

作　　者：刘磊[1] Liu Lei

机构地区：[1]西南财经大学法学院,成都611130

出　　处：《新文科教育研究》2023年第3期100-114,143,144,共17页NEW LIBERAL ARTS EDUCATION RESEARCH

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“我国成文法体制下判例运用的理论与实践”(编号:182DA138)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：从法科学生的法律职业能力培养来看,我国法学教育中对判例的运用仍有可改进之处。应当以法律实务为导向,以知识获取与智能技能训练为重点,明确判例对实务导向法学教育的重要意义。德国鉴定式案例研习、美国式案例教学法有一定的借鉴价值,但在我国较难得到普遍推广。对于我国法学教育中判例运用存在的问题,应当基于现有的约束条件实现教学改进。从教学方法的角度,可以区分例证式判例教学、练习式判例教学、案卷式判例教学;从判例类型的角度,应当合理把握指导性案例、示范性案例、一般性判例在教学中的运用;从课程类别的角度,有必要设置初阶判例练习课程和高级判例练习课程。为拓展并保障判例在法学教育中的具体运用,还要注重判例教学数据库建设、实现法教义学与社科法学的结合、增强判例在理论法学教学中的运用、促进法律实务人员参与判例教学过程、深度研判涉外法治判例、理顺法学教育与法律职业资格考试之间的关系。在围绕理想法学教育展开的探索中,判例运用的价值无疑会更为突出。From the point of view of the cultivation of legal vocational ability of law students,the application of precedents in China's legal education still has room for improvement.It should be oriented to legal practice,focusing on the acquisition of knowledge and training of intelligent skills,clarifying the significance of case law to practice-oriented legal education.German model case teaching and American model case teaching have certain reference value,but it is difficult to be widely promoted in our country.As for the problems existing in the application of precedents in legal education in our country,teaching improvement should be realized based on the existing constraints.We can distinguish between example-based precedents teaching,practice-based precedents teaching and case-fle-based precedents teaching from the perspective of teaching methods,rationally grasp the application of guiding cases,exemplary cases and ordinary cases in teaching from the perspective of types of precedents,and set up the courses of elementary precedents practice and advanced precedents practice from the perspective of course categories.To expand and guarantee the concrete application of case law in legal education,we should also pay attention to the construction of precedents teaching database,the combination of legal doctrine and social science jurisprudence,the enhancement of precedents in theoretical jurisprudence teaching,the promotion of the participation of legal practitioners in the precedents teaching process,the in-depth study and judgment of foreign precedents,and the streamlining of the relationship between legal education and the qualification examination for legal professions.The value of application of precedents will undoubtedly be more prominent in the exploration of ideal legal education.

关 键 词：法学教育 判例运用 实务导向 知识与技能 法律职业能力 

分 类 号：D90-4[政治法律—法学理论] G642[政治法律—法学]