论添加训释现象中的语境建构及其机制——以《孟子章句》动词类添加训释为例  

On the Construction of Context and Its Mechanism in the Phenomenon of Added Exegesis--Take MengziZhangju as an example

作　　者：张祎昀 Zhang Yiyun(Beijing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学民俗典籍文字研究中心、中国文字整理与规范研究中心

出　　处：《励耘语言学刊》2022年第2期30-41,共12页

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“基于历代训释资源库的中国特色阐释学理论建构与实践研究”(编号22&ZD257)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：训释是解释文献文本的程式化意义表述,当前研究对训释反作用于语境的关注尚显不足.添加训释指在原文基础上添加意义信息构成解释,语境建构指在原文的基础上通过添加训释形成一个完整语境.以《孟子章句》动词类添加训释为例,除最基本的语义解释之外,不同类型训释内容的语境建构功能有所差异:施事、受事是最常见的训释内容,是形成基础语境的必要条件;凭借、环境、修饰等信息的添加以基础语境为前提,有充实基础语境的功能;相关动词结构的添加则在基础语境之间建构联系,形成完整的复杂语境.在此基础上,可以将上述训释内容在性质上分为受语义关系制约、受语境关系制约两类,在功能上分为确定(拓展)语境边界、充实语境内容两类,并进一步归纳出添加训释所遵循的语境建构机制:以训释对象的语义内涵为基础、以"边界-内容"关系为依据、以层层扩展的形式来充分表述意义.这一机制能够在《孟子章句》《郑笺》训释歧解的分析中得到初步验证.Exegesis is a stylized expression of meaning to explain the text of literature.Adding exegesis refers to adding meaning information on the basis of the original text to form an interpretation,while context construction refers to forming a complete context by adding exegesis on the basis of the original text.Taking Mengzi Zhangju(孟子章句)as an example,in addition to the most basic semantic interpretation,the context construction functions of different types of interpretation contents are diferent:the agent and the patient are the most common interpretation contents,which are the necessary conditions to form the basic context;The addition of information such as reliance,environment and decoration takes the basic context as the premise and plays the function of enriching the basic context;The addition of relevant verb structures constructs a connection between the basic contexts and forms a complete complex context.On this basis,the above interpretation contents can be divided into two categories in nature,which are restricted by semantic relations and context relations,and into two categories in function,which are to determine(expand)the context boundary and enrich the context content.The context construction mechanism followed by the addition of interpretation can be further summarized:based on the semantic connotation of the interpretation object,based on the"boundary-content"relationship,and fully express the meaning in the form of layer by layer expansion.This mechanism can be preliminarily verified in the analysis of the interpretation and interpretation of Mengzi Zhangju(孟子章句)and ZhengJian(郑笺).

关 键 词：添加训释 语境建构 《孟子章句》 训诂学 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]