基于天然多孔材料的双梯度结构设计负泊松比超材料  

Dual-gradient structure of natural cellular materials for the design of auxetic metamaterials

作　　者：许一超 史未 刘明杰 Yichao Xu;Wei Shi;Mingjie Liu(Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education,School of Chemistry,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education,School of Chemistry,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China [2]International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China

出　　处：《Science China Materials》2023年第8期3022-3025,共4页中国科学（材料科学（英文版）

基　　金：This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(2022YFA1503000);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22161142021).

摘　　要：负泊松比超材料由于其优异的力学性能,包括优异的抗剪切性能、抗冲击性能、抗断裂性能、吸能隔振等,在个体防护和抗冲击、减振吸能等领域有着重要的应用价值,从而引起了科学家和工程师们极大的研究兴趣.大多数传统的负泊松比超材料通常基于单元胞体的拓扑结构设计,这类超材料通常不可避免地面临着由其复杂拓扑结构,特别是内凹多边形结构,所带来的设计、制备难题.迄今为止,尽管许多研究人员致力于开发新的负泊松比超结构和材料,但很少有研究能明确指出负泊松比超材料的设计指南或工作流程,更多的研究是基于研究人员的设计灵感和对特定胞元结构的计算机辅助优化.基于此,我们提出了一种受自然启发的负泊松比超材料设计策略,利用天然多孔材料所具有的独特双梯度结构,例如以松质骨和向日葵茎髓心作为生物模型,通过在多孔结构中引入双梯度变化即可得到负泊松比效应,从而制备负泊松比超材料.这种受自然启发的负泊松比超材料设计思路具有一定的普适性,可以扩展到具有常见凸多边形胞元的多孔结构中,基本胞元结构并不局限于特定的内凹多边形等常见的用来构造负泊松比超材料的结构和形状.There is a strong demand for novel materials to meet the diverse needs in several facets of life.Conventional metals,ceramics,or polymers cannot fulfll the technological properties needed for various emerging applications,such as equipment with light weight,robustness,high-efficiency energy absorption,and adequate protection.Metamaterials,as rationally designed artificial materials that obtain their extraordinary properties from their structure rather than their composition.

关 键 词：负泊松比 多孔材料 凹多边形 超材料 个体防护 生物模型 设计指南 超结构 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]