自动驾驶汽车道德归责困境及其消解  

Moral Responsibility Attribution Dilemma of Autonomous Vehicles and Its Resolution

作　　者：胡明艳[1] 白英慧 HU Mingyan;BAI Yinghui(Department of Philosophy,Party School of the Central Committee of CPC,Beijing 100091,China;School of Philosophy,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校哲学教研部,北京100091 [2]中国人民大学哲学院,北京100872

出　　处：《东北大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期1-7,共7页Journal of Northeastern University(Social Science)

基　　金：中共中央党校(国家行政学院)学习贯彻党的二十大精神研究专项资助项目(2023ZX20014)。

摘　　要：自动驾驶汽车道德归责困境主要体现为责任主体层面的“责任空缺”、责任承担层面的“惩罚空缺”以及责任分配层面的“多手问题”与“多物问题”。道德归责困境产生的原因主要在于自动驾驶系统具有明显的自主性和人—物协同性,难以运用传统道德责任观进行归责。道德归责困境消解的关键在于拓展传统的道德责任观。要实现对传统的道德责任观的拓展,一种可行的尝试方案是设立“AV法人”,以此实施人—物集体担责,关注责任受体,进行责任前瞻。The moral responsibility attribution dilemma of autonomous vehicles mainly includes“responsibility gap”(namely,no appropriate moral agents),“retribution gap”(namely,no appropriate responsibility undertakers)and problems of“many hands”and“many things”.The root of this dilemma lies in the evident autonomy and human-artifact combination manifested in autonomous vehicles,which has greatly challenged the traditional viewpoint of moral responsibility.To handle this dilemma,the traditional viewpoint of moral responsibility needs to be expanded.One feasible way to do so is to set up an organization such as“AV legal persons”to collectively undertake the responsibilities by human beings and artifacts together,focus on responsibility receptors and make responsibility foresight.

关 键 词：自动驾驶 道德责任 AV法人 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]