中国式德育理论建构呼唤文化共契自觉——一种对心理主义德育的矫正  

The Construction of Moral Education Theories with Chinese Style Calls for the Consciousness of Cultural Unity——A Correcttion of the Moral Education Approach of Psychologism

作　　者：孙彩平[1] 彭文超 Sun Caiping;&Peng Wenchao(Nanjing Normal University;Anqing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学道德教育研究所 [2]安庆师范大学教师教育学院

出　　处：《当代教育科学》2023年第8期3-14,共12页Contemporary Education Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金2021年度教育学一般项目“新时代儿童格局培育的时空路径研究”(项目编号:BEA210111)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：心理学知识对20世纪的现代德育观念与实践改造起了重要的影响作用。精神分析心理学与人格心理学的发展,助推社会伦理完成了从义务与责任伦理到体验与快感伦理的转型,改变了学校教育伦理品质的评价标准,也成为学校德育的科学品质的重要指标。观照个体心理体验的道德与基于心理学规律的德育学,成为现代德育的重要特征之一。这样的德育在回到“人”真实与当下个体快感体验的同时,可能会消解追问永恒价值与幸福的理由,因而成为有利于心理健康但限制博大心灵成长的德育。中国德育理论要实现对心理学化的超越,回到以文化共契为指向的中国德育传统,回到社会心理—心灵合一的建构框架中,以“大心灵”培育为指向,以高贵而博大的心灵作为教育的普遍价值依据,才能更好地服务于人类共同的美好生活。The knowledge of psychology played an important role in the transformation of modern moral education concepts and practice in the 20th century.The development of psychoanalysis and personality psychology promotes the transformation of social ethics from the ethics of obligation and responsibility to the ethics of experience and pleasure that has changed the appraisal standards of the ethics quality in school education,and has also become an important indicator of the scientific quality of school moral education.The morality concerning individual psychological experience and the doctrine of moral education based on psychological laws have become one of the important features of modern moral education.This kind of moral education,while returning to the reality of“Man”and the present individual experience of pleasure,may dissolve the reason of pursuing the eternal value and happiness,and therefore,may become the moral education that is beneficial to mental health but restrict the growth of broad mind.The theory of moral education with Chinse style must transcend the psychologization,come back to the Chinese tradition of moral education,which is oriented by cultural unity,and return to the frame construction of psycho-social-spiritual integration.Only by taking“the Great Spirit”as the direction,and taking the noble and broad mind as the basis of universal values of education,can moral education theory better serve the common good life of mankind.

关 键 词：责任伦理 快感伦理 德育 文化共契 心灵成长 

分 类 号：G410[文化科学—教育学]