饲料中添加酵母提取物对大口黑鲈生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫力的影响  

Effect of dietary supplementation of yeast extract on growth performance,anti-oxidant ability and immune in largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)

作　　者：王学习 胡兵 张坤 郑运宗 王德娟 张蕉南 邵建春 WANG Xue-xi;HU Bing;ZHANG Kun;ZHENG Yun-zong;WANG De-juan;ZHANG Jiao-nan;SHAO Jian-chun

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学海洋学院,福建省海洋生物技术重点实验室,福建福州350002 [2]福建天马科技集团股份有限公司,福建省特种水配合产饲料重点实验室,福建福州350308

出　　处：《饲料研究》2023年第17期33-39,共7页Feed Research

基　　金：福州市科技计划项目(项目编号:2021-P-068)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究饲料中添加酵母提取物(YE)对大口黑鲈幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫力的影响。选取360尾初重为(14.05±0.28)g的幼鱼,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾。CON组、YE2组、YE4组、YE6组分别配制YE水平为0、2000、4000、6000 mg/kg的4组等氮(约49%)等脂(约11%)饲料。试验期60 d。结果显示,YE6组大口黑鲈的增重率和特定生长率显著高于CON组(P<0.05),饲料效率和蛋白质效率显著高于CON组和YE2组(P<0.05)。YE4组和YE6组大口黑鲈肠道中蛋白酶和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于CON组与YE2组(P<0.05)。YE6组大口黑鲈前肠的肌层厚度和绒毛高度显著高于CON组(P<0.05)。YE4组和YE6组大口黑鲈肠道中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-15(IL-15)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的表达量显著低于CON组(P<0.05);所有YE组大口黑鲈肠道中转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)和雷帕霉素靶蛋白(TOR)的表达量显著高于CON组(P<0.05);YE2组和YE4组大口黑鲈肠道中的白细胞介素-10(IL-10)与热休克蛋白70(HSP70)表达量显著高于CON组(P<0.05),显著低于YE6组(P<0.05)。研究表明,饲料中添加6000 mg/kg YE能够提高大口黑鲈幼鱼肠道的免疫力和抗氧化能力,增加肠道的吸收面积,提高消化酶活性,进而提高饲料利用率和生长性能。The experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of yeast extract(YE)on growth performance,anti-oxidant ability and immune in juvenile largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides).A total of 360 juvenile largemouth bass with the initial body weight(14.05±0.28)g were randomly assigned into four groups,with three replicates in each group and 30 juvenile largemouth bass in each replicate.CON group,YE2 group,YE4 group and YE6 group were fed with equal nitrogen(about 49%)and equal lipid(about 11%)diet with YE level of 0,2000,4000 and 6000 mg/kg,respectively.The experiment lasted for 60 d.The results showed the weight gain and specific growth rate of largemouth bass were significantly higher in YE6 group than those in CON group(P<0.05).The feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio in YE6 group were significantly higher than those in CON group and YE2 group(P<0.05).The activity of protease and SOD in intestine of largemouth bass in YE4 group and YE6 group were significantly higher than those in CON group and YE2 group(P<0.05).The mucosal thickness and villi height of largemouth bass in YE6 group were significantly higher than those in CON group(P<0.05).The expressions of IL-1β、IL-15 and TNF-αin juveniles of largemouth bass in YE4 group and YE6 group were significantly lower than those in CON group(P<0.05).The TGF-βand TOR expressions in juveniles of largemouth bass in all YE groups were significantly higher than those in CON group(P<0.05).The expressions of IL-10 and HSP70 in juveniles of largemouth bass in YE2 group and YE4 group were significantly higher than those in CON group,and significantly lower than those in YE6 group(P<0.05).The study indicates that the addition of 6000 mg/kg YE to feed can improve the immune and antioxidant capacity of the intestine of largemouth bass juveniles,increase the absorption area of intestine,improve the activity of digestion related enzymes,thereby improve the feed utilization and growth performance.

关 键 词：酵母提取物 大口黑鲈 生长性能 抗氧化 免疫 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]