门式起重机主梁下挠度实时计算方法研究  

Study on real-time calculation method of deflection of gantry crane grider

作　　者：刘浩东 王欣[1] 郭晓光 张峰 LIU Haodong;WANG Xin;GUO Xiaoguang;ZHANG Feng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Dalian Shipbuilding Industry Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116000,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院,大连116024 [2]大连船舶重工集团有限公司,大连116000

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2023年第9期93-101,共9页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

摘　　要：门式起重机主梁是主要的受力部件,在实际应用过程中会因受到外部载荷及自重的作用产生下挠变形。随着使用年限的增加,主梁下挠变形可能会加大,并存在发生塑性变形的可能,进而导致主梁结构静刚度不再满足要求,给作业生产带来安全隐患,对主梁下挠度进行实时检测可以预防因主梁结构静刚度不足导致的危险情况。为此,提出一种基于支持向量机的门式起重机主梁下挠度实时计算方法,建立主梁下挠度回归预测模型,将利用有限元法获得的下挠度作为训练样本,实现下挠度的实时计算,其计算值通过修正即可作为标准值与实时检测结果进行对比,以此来实时评判主梁变形的变化情况。通过算例对比可知,门式起重机主梁下挠度实时计算方法误差小、用时短,验证了该方法的有效性与合理性,为主梁数字孪生系统的研究奠定了算法基础。As the main force component,the gantry crane grider will have deflection when bearing the external load and weight in the practical application.With the increase of service life,the deflection of grider will be larger,and may lead to the plastic deformation,so that the static stiffness of the grider is no longer met and safety risks may occur.Real-time detection of the grider deflection can prevent the dangerous situation caused by insufficient static stiffness of the grider structure.A real-time calculation method for the deflection of gantry crane grider was proposed based on support vector machine,the regression prediction model of the grider deflection was established,and the deflection obtained by the finite element method was used as the training sample to realize the real-time calculation of the deflection.The calculated value can be used as the standard value to compare with the real-time detection results by revising,so as to evaluate the change of the deformation of the grider in real-time.The comparison of cases showed that the real-time calculation method for the deflection of gantry crane grider had small error and short calculation time,so the effectiveness and the rationality of the method were verified.It laid the algorithm foundation for the research of the digital twinning system of grider.

关 键 词：支持向量机 有限元 门式起重机 下挠度 正交试验 

分 类 号：TH213.5[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]