俄罗斯北高加索地区边疆治理的政策与经验  

Policies and Experiences of Frontier Governance in the North Caucasus Region of Russia

作　　者：袁勋 YUAN Xun(Shanghai Academy of Global Governance and Area Studies,Shanghai International Studies University,201602)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学上海全球治理与区域国别研究院

出　　处：《云南社会科学》2023年第5期128-138,共11页Social Sciences in Yunnan

摘　　要：北高加索地区地理条件复杂、地缘位置敏感、民族构成多元,是俄罗斯矛盾最集中、治理困难最大的“边疆地区”。无论是俄罗斯帝国、苏联还是当今的俄罗斯联邦,针对北高加索地区的治理思路基本一致。即缓解地区民族矛盾、加强各民族对统一国家的认同、维护地区安定、推动地区现代化进程。俄罗斯帝国和苏联边疆政策展现出了较强的极端性和多变性,给北高加索地区造成了不少新的治理难题。自普京就任俄罗斯联邦总统以来,针对北高加索地区采取了强化统一国家意识、加强垂直权力体系构建等一系列综合治理措施,对症下药,取得了不错的效果。The North Caucasus region,characterized by its complex geography,sensitive geopolitical location,and diverse ethnic composition,is the most concentrated area of contradictions and the most challenging“frontier”region to govern in Russia.Whether it was Imperial Russia,the Soviet Union,or the present-day Russian Federation,the approaches to governance in the North Caucasus have remained largely consistent.These approaches aim to alleviate ethnic conflicts,strengthen the identification of various ethnic groups with the unified nation,maintain regional stability,and promote the process of regional modernization.The frontier policies of Imperial Russia and the Soviet Union exhibited strong extremes and variability,resulting in numerous new governance challenges for the North Caucasus.Since Putin took office as the President of the Russian Federation,he has adopted a series of comprehensive governance measures for the North Caucasus region,such as strengthening the unified national consciousness and strengthening the establishment of a vertical power system,and has achieved good results.

关 键 词：北高加索地区 边疆治理 边疆特征 民族矛盾 国家认同 

分 类 号：K1[历史地理—历史学] C95[历史地理—世界史]