考虑车队速度反馈机制的高速公路事故区交通流仿真研究  

Simulation study of traffic flow in freeway accident zones considering platoon speed feedback mechanism

作　　者：罗石贵 安泽萍 孙昊 范栋男 梁昭伟 景典 陈荣升[2] 杨扬[2] LUO Shigui;AN Zeping;SUN Hao;FAN Dongnan;LIANG Zhaowei;JING Dian;CHEN Rongsheng;YANG Yang(China Highway Engineering Consulting Group Company Ltd.,Beijing 100089,China;School of Traffic and Transportation,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]中国公路工程咨询集团有限公司,北京100089 [2]北京交通大学交通运输学院,北京100044

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报》2023年第4期56-63,共8页JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2021PT207);国家自然科学基金(52172312)。

摘　　要：针对高速公路事故瓶颈处拥堵严重的问题,提出利用自动驾驶车队进行速度控制,以缓解交通拥堵,提升安全性.首先,基于车联网(Vehicle-to-Everything,V2X)技术中的基本安全信息(Basic Safety Message,BSM)数据,设计高速公路事故瓶颈处网联自动驾驶车速度反馈机制.其次,构建考虑车队速度反馈机制的元胞自动机模型,引入考虑通行优势的多车道换道模型,以更加真实地刻画车辆在事故区的换道行为.最后,基于提出模型,对低、中、高3类交通量等级和封锁车道、区段限速两类事故场景的人类车和自动驾驶车混合流交通分别进行模拟仿真.研究结果表明:速度反馈机制可以提升约7%~43%的预碰撞时间,并且有效缩小事故影响范围,使车辆更加平稳、安全地通过事故瓶颈区域.To address the problem of serious congestion at freeway bottlenecks caused by accidents,this study proposes the use of automated vehicle platoons with speed control to alleviate traffic conges⁃tion and improve safety.Firstly,a speed feedback mechanism for connected and automated vehicle pla⁃toons is designed using the Basic Safety Message(BSM)data in Vehicle-to-Everything(V2X)tech⁃nologies.Then,a cellular automata model incorporating the platoon speed feedback mechanism is con⁃structed,and a multi-lane changing model considering the passage utility is introduced to more accu⁃rately represent the lane-changing behavior of vehicles in an accident zone.Finally,based on the pro⁃posed model,simulation is conducted on the mixed traffic flow consisting of human-driven vehicles and connected and automated vehicles under low,medium,and high traffic demand levels and acci⁃dent scenarios such as lane blocking and regional speed limits.The results show that the speed feed⁃back mechanism can increase time-to-collision by about 7%~43%and effectively reduce the impact range of traffic accidents,enabling vehicles to pass through bottleneck areas more smoothly and safely.

关 键 词：城市交通 元胞自动机 事故区 速度反馈 预碰撞时间 

分 类 号：U491.2[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]