新型变摩擦滑橇式飞行器滑跑纠偏  

Taxiing deviation-correction control of a new variable-friction equipped-skid aircraft

作　　者：王宇晟 印寅[1,2] 梁涛涛 魏小辉[1,2] WANG Yucheng;YIN Yin;LIANG Taotao;WEI Xiaohui(State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science for National Defense-Advanced Design Technology of Flight Vehicle,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室,南京210016 [2]南京航空航天大学飞行器先进设计技术国防重点学科实验室,南京210016

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2023年第9期2527-2538,共12页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52172368);机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室自主研究课题(MCMS-I-0221Y02);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(NF2018001)。

摘　　要：相较于轮式起落架,结构轻巧紧凑的滑橇式起落架更适用于扁平化的高超声速飞行器,然而前轮后橇布局所固有的地面力学特性使得飞行器在中速滑跑阶段存在严重的航向失稳问题。针对滑橇式飞行器滑跑航向稳定性较差的问题,提出了一种具备航向增稳功能的新型变摩擦滑橇式起落架。建立了滑橇式飞行器的非线性地面滑跑动力学模型,考虑了气动载荷、地面载荷和纠偏机构模型;基于摩擦特性试验结果得到了滑橇及摩擦材料摩擦系数的多参数拟合公式,并将其代入所提滑跑模型以提高精度;引入积分视线(ILOS)法建立了滑橇式飞行器滑跑纠偏控制系统,并采用粒子群算法优化控制参数。试验结果表明:滑橇及摩擦材料的摩擦系数均随速度和压强的增加先增大后减小;典型初始工况下的滑跑仿真结果验证了基于变摩擦滑橇纠偏控制的有效性;当摩擦材料摩擦系数从0.3增至0.4时,飞行器地面滑跑安全边界提升16.6%。Flat hypersonic aircraft are better suited to skid landing gear than wheeled landing gear because of its light weight and compact design.However,the inherent characteristic of the wheel skid layout causes the problem of heading instability during mid-speed taxiing.Aiming at the problem,a variable-friction skid landing gear with a directional stability augmentation function is designed.Firstly,a nonlinear ground taxiing model is established,considering aerodynamic forces,ground forces,correction mechanism model,and deviation-correction control system.The ground friction characteristics experiment findings are then used to create the multi-parameter fitting polynomials of the friction coefficients of the skid and material,which are then incorporated into the dynamic model discussed earlier.Finally,an integral line of sight(ILOS)guidance is introduced to realize the effective tracking of the runway centerline during the rollout phase.Particle swarm optimization is introduced to optimize control parameters.Results show that the friction coefficients of the skid and the material first increase and then decrease with the increase of speed and pressure.The effectiveness of the deviation-correction control system is verified by taxiing simulation results under typical initial conditions.The safety set of taxiing increases by 16.6%when the friction coefficient of the friction material increases from 0.3 to 0.4.

关 键 词：滑橇式起落架 摩擦系数 地面滑跑 纠偏控制 积分视线引导律 

分 类 号：V226[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]