小球藻对草鱼生长、免疫、消化酶活性和肌肉的影响  

Effects of Green Alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa on Growth Performance,Immune Function,Digestive Enzyme Activities and Muscle Quality of Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus

作　　者：阙江龙 饶毅[1] 徐先栋[1] 丁立云[1] 章海鑫[1] 张爱芳[1] 李艳芳[1] QUE Jianglong;RAO Yi;XU Xiandong;DING Liyun;ZHANG Haixin;ZHANG Aifang;LI Yanfang(Fisheries Science Research Institute of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330039,China;Jiangxi Protection and Rescue Center of Hydrobiology,Nanchang 330096,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省水产科学研究所,江西南昌330039 [2]江西省水生生物保护救助中心,江西南昌330096

出　　处：《水产科学》2023年第5期839-846,共8页Fisheries Science

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划资助项目(20192BBF60027);江西省现代农业产业技术体系专项。

摘　　要：为探明饲料中添加不同水平的小球藻对草鱼生长性能、非特异性免疫机能、消化酶活性及肌肉品质的影响,选用平均体质量(105.92±2.79) g的草鱼随机分为5个组,每组30尾,分别投喂添加小球藻为0(对照组)、0.25%、0.50%、0.75%和1.00%的试验饲料,饲养周期为28 d。试验结果显示,0.50%、0.75%和1.00%添加组的终末平均体质量、质量增加率和特定生长率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),饲料系数均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。当添加量达0.75%时,能显著提高草鱼血清的溶菌酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性,增强草鱼的非特异性免疫机能(P<0.05)。各添加组血清中超氧化物歧化酶活性和抗氧化能力(除0.25%添加组)显著提高。各添加组草鱼脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性明显升高,淀粉酶(除0.25%添加组)活性显著减弱(P<0.05)。添加组草鱼肌肉的氨基酸组成与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。1.00%添加组的草鱼肌肉中亚麻酸和二十碳五烯酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),0.25%、0.75%和1.00%添加组的花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验结果表明,饲料中添加一定量的小球藻,对草鱼的生长性能、非特异性免疫机能、抗氧化能力及肌肉品质有促进提升作用,以体质量增长率和饲料系数为评估指标,草鱼饲料中小球藻适宜添加量为0.75%。The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of Chlorella pyrenoidosa supplementation on growth performance, non-specific immune function, digestive enzyme activities and muscle quality of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus . Grass carps with an average body weight of ( 105.92 ±2.79) g were randomly divided into 5 groups 30 fish per group and fed diets supplemented with 0 (control group), 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.00% C. pyrenoidosa , respectively, for 28 days. The results showed that the average final weight, weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) in 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.00% supplemental groups were significantly higher than those in control group ( P <0.05), and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.00% supplemental groups were significantly lower than those in control group ( P <0.05). When the addition amount reaches 0.75%, the activities of lysozyme and alkaline phosphatase in serum of grass carp were significantly increased, and the non-specific immune function of grass carp was enhanced ( P <0.05). The activity of superoxide dismutase and antioxidant capacity in serum of all groups were significantly increased except 0.25% group. The activities of lipase and trypsin were increased in all groups, while the activities of amylase (except 0.25% group) were significantly decreased ( P <0.05). There was no significant difference in amino acid composition between muscle and control group ( P >0.05). The contents of linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in 1.00% group were significantly higher than those in control group ( P <0.05), and the contents of arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in 0.25%, 0.75% and 1.00% groups were significantly higher than those in control group ( P <0.05). In conclusion, adding a certain amount of C. pyrenoidosa to the feed can promote the growth performance, non-specific immune function, antioxidant capacity and muscle quality of grass carp. With the weight gain rate and feed conversion ratio as eval

关 键 词：草鱼 小球藻 生长性能 非特异性免疫 消化酶活性 肌肉品质 

分 类 号：S965.112[农业科学—水产养殖]