第二语言语音产出研究的理论基础及新进展  

Theories and New Development of Second Language Speech Production

作　　者：陈树雯 CHEN Shuwen

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所

出　　处：《当代语言学》2023年第4期541-561,共21页Contemporary Linguistics

摘　　要：二语语音的产出和感知是二语语音习得研究的两个重要方面。二语语音感知的大量研究促成了二语感知理论的蓬勃发展,但是涉及二语语音产出的理论构建则较少。本文从二语语音产出的实证研究出发,系统回顾二语语音习得理论中关于音段和超音段特征产出的假说,分别介绍三大类主流理论:语音学习模型(Flege 1995)及修订版语音学习模型(Flege and Bohn 2021)、感知同化模型(Best 1995;Best and Tyler 2007)及其在二语产出中的拓展、二语语调学习理论(Mennen 2015)。在回顾理论模型的基础上,探讨近年来二语语音产出研究中受到广泛关注但尚未形成一致观点的三个重要问题:二语语音产出与感知的关系、二语产出中的个体差异和二语超音段特征的产出,总结相关研究的进展。最后,浅谈二语语音产出理论和实验研究对二语教学的启发。The production and perception of second language(L2)speech are two major aspects of L2 speech acquisition.While extensive studies on L2 speech perception have led to the flourishing development of L2 perception theories,there have been relatively fewer theoretical models on L2 speech production.The current study aims to review existing theories and hypotheses on L2 speech production and summarize recent developments in experimental studies in this area.This article begins by summarizing several important factors that influence second language production,such as the sound system of the first language,age of acquisition,and perceptual accuracy.It then systematically reviews L2 speech production theories,including their hypotheses on the acquisition of both segmental and suprasegmental features.Three mainstream theories are introduced:the Speech Learning Model(SLM,Flege 1995)and the Revised Speech Learning Model(SLM⁃r,Flege and Bohn 2021),the Second Language Perceptual Assimilation Model(PAM⁃L2,Best 1995;Best and Tyler 2007)and its extension to speech production,and L2 Intonation Learning Theory(LILt,Mennen 2015).Among them,SLM,SLM⁃r and PAM focus on the acquisition of segmental features,while LILt targets the acquisition of intonation.However,these existing theories fail to fully explain the mechanism of L2 speech production.Although PAM can be extended to analyze L2 production patterns,it remains fundamentally a speech perception model and cannot accurately predict the production patterns of L2 speech in many situations.Furthermore,these theories do not address the acquisition of suprasegmental features such as lexical tone and word stress.Therefore,there is an urgent need for a more comprehensive theoretical framework for L2 speech production.This paper further discusses three important and unresolved issues in L2 speech production research:the relationship between L2 production and perception,individual differences in L2 production,and the production of L2 suprasegmental features.While the existing theorie

关 键 词：二语习得 语音产出 理论 新发展 

分 类 号：H09[语言文字—语言学]