克氏原螯虾病原菌感染发病标志性免疫及生理生化指标的筛选  

Screening of immunological,physiological and biochemical indices of Procambarus clarkia indicating disease caused by bacterial infection

作　　者：张雪梅 王秀华[2] 杨冰[2] 张红芳 连新宇 苟紫玥 朱欣洁 ZHANG Xuemei;WANG Xiuhua;YANG Bing;ZHANG Hongfang;LIAN Xinyu;GOU Ziyue;ZHU Xinjie(Fisheries College,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China;Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity,Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山316022 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海水养殖病害防治重点实验室,青岛市海水养殖流行病学与生物安保重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2023年第6期786-798,共13页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2400205);广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA17204044)。

摘　　要：为筛选克氏原螯虾(Procambarusclarkia)因受病原菌感染导致发病的标志性生理生化指标,以嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)为攻毒菌株,采用半致死剂量注射感染克氏原螯虾,分析了感染初期(12 h)、发病期(24~72 h)和感染后恢复期(90h)血淋巴中的非特异免疫、糖类代谢、脂类代谢、蛋白质代谢及常规生理生化指标共23项,结果显示,在发病期,8项非特异免疫指标中,感染组过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)在发病状态下提高显著(P<0.01),均值分别是空白对照组的3.29倍和2.56倍;感染组发病期蛋白代谢指标白蛋白(ALB)和尿素(UREA)浓度极显著提高(P<0.01),其浓度均值比空白对照组分别提高了1.75与5.58倍;感染组发病期消化酶指标中淀粉酶(AMY)活力在发病过程中活性显著下降(P<0.01),比空白对照组下降了74.18%;血清中肌酸激酶(CK)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px) 4种酶活力在发病期显著提高(P<0.01),与空白对照组比分别提高了16.72、219.21、74.43、2.66倍。在所检测指标中,葡萄糖(GLU)、甘油三酯(TG)、总蛋白(TP)和脂肪酶(LPS) 4项指标在克氏原螯虾发病过程中均变化不显著(P>0.05)。结果表明,克氏原螯虾血清中CAT、T-AOC、ALB、UREA、AMY、CK、ALT、AST及GSH-Px9项指标变化对细菌感染发病极敏感,可作为判断其受细菌病感染发病的标志性指标。本研究结果可为克氏原螯虾患病风险评估和疾病预警提供新的技术依据。Crayfish,Procambarus clarkia,is an important freshwater aquaculture species in China.Nonetheless,with this rapid development of the aquaculture industry,crayfish diseases have emerged as an increasing problem in recent years,with outbreaks of various viral and bacterial diseases causing huge economic losses.The occurrence of diseases in shrimp is related to pathogenic infection,environmental degradation,nutrition disorders,and a decrease in self-immunity.Different pathogenic factors have different effects on the physiological metabolism of shrimp,which are reflected by changes in immunity,metabolism,and physiological and biochemical indicators.Establishing these disease-associated indicators will provide a helpful tool to rapidly identify shrimp infections and establish the major harmful factors of multi-pathogenic infections.To screen for the serological markers,physiological markers,and biochemical indices of diseased P.clarkia and provide a basis for disease risk assessment in shrimp culture,a virulent pathogenic bacterial strain,Aeromonas hydrophila,was injected into P.clarkia at a dose of 1 LD50.A total of 23 indices,including non-specific immunity,carbohydrate metabolism,lipid metabolism,protein metabolism,and physiological and biochemical indices,were analyzed in the serum at the early stage of infection(12 h),onset(24–72 h),and post-infection recovery(90 h)periods.The results showed that among the eight non-specific immune indices in the onset period,catalase(CAT)activity and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)were significantly higher in the infection group(P<0.01),with mean values 3.29 and 2.56 times higher than those of the control group,respectively.The concentrations of albumin(ALB)and urea(UREA)were significantly higher in the infected group during the diseased period(P<0.01),with average concentrations 1.75 and 5.58 times higher than those in the control group,respectively.The activity of amylase(AMY)was significantly lower in the onset period(P<0.01),with a 3.87 times lower activity than that in t

关 键 词：克氏原螯虾 嗜水气单胞菌 感染致病 评价指标 免疫指标 生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S945[农业科学—水产养殖]