聚乙烯与磺胺二甲嘧啶复合胁迫对大豆种子萌发及幼苗生长生理特征的影响  

Effects of Combined Stress of Polyethylene and Sulfamethazine on Seed Germination,Seedling Growth,and Physiological Characteristics of Soybean

作　　者：赵肖琼 张恒慧 赵润柱 张新梅[2] ZHAO Xiao-qiong;ZHANG Heng-hui;ZHAO Run-zhu;ZHANG Xin-mei(Department of Environment and Safety Engineering,Taiyuan Institute of Technology,Taiyuan 030008,China;College of Life Sciences,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]太原工业学院环境与安全工程系,太原030008 [2]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第9期5092-5101,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1401000);山西省应用基础研究计划项目(201801D221279)。

摘　　要：土壤环境中微塑料吸附抗生素产生复合污染已不可避免,但二者复合胁迫下的植物生物效应尚不清楚.以大豆品种晋豆21号为试材,采用种子萌发试验和幼苗盆栽试验研究聚乙烯(PE)和磺胺二甲嘧啶(SMZ)不同单一及复合处理对大豆种子萌发、幼苗生长、光合参数、叶绿素荧光参数和氮代谢的影响.结果表明,单一PE处理对大豆种子萌发和幼苗生长生理的影响总体表现为“低促高抑”的规律,较低水平PE[10 mg·L^(-1)(或mg·kg^(-1))]处理对大豆种子萌发、幼苗生长、光合作用和氮代谢有促进作用,但较高水平PE[100 mg·L^(-1)和200 mg·L^(-1)(或mg·kg^(-1))]的抑制作用显著;单一SMZ处理对大豆种子萌发和幼苗生长生理产生不同程度的抑制作用,且抑制程度随着SMZ处理水平的增加呈升高趋势.不同水平PE和SMZ复合处理下,较低水平PE的加入能够缓解单一SMZ处理对大豆的抑制作用,以10 mg·L^(-1)(或mg·kg^(-1))PE+1 mg·L^(-1)(或mg·kg^(-1))SMZ处理的综合缓解效果最佳,具体表现为较单一SMZ处理增加了大豆种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、株高、根长、地上部及根部鲜重、P_(n)、G_(s)、T_(r)、叶绿素含量、F_(v)/F_(m)、ΦPSⅡ、 ETR、 qP和NR等氮代谢关键酶活性,降低了种子平均发芽时间、Ci、 NPQ、 NO-3-N和NH+4-N含量;而较高水平PE的加入增强了SMZ处理对大豆的抑制作用,且抑制程度随着SMZ处理水平的增加呈升高趋势,其中200 mg·L^(-1)(或mg·kg^(-1))PE+50 mg·L^(-1)(或mg·kg^(-1))SMZ处理的抑制程度最大.综上可知,低水平PE能够一定程度缓解单一SMZ胁迫对大豆种子和幼苗的抑制作用,而高水平PE的加入则与SMZ产生协同作用,加剧了单一胁迫处理的毒害效应.The combined pollution of antibiotics adsorption by microplastics has become inevitable in soil ecosystems;moreover,the plant biological effects under combined stress remain unclear.This study used soybean variety Jindou 21 as the material and conducted seed germination test and soil⁃potted seedling experiment to study the effects of different single and combined treatments of polyethylene(PE)and sulfamethazine(SMZ)on seed germination,seedling growth,photosynthetic parameters,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,and nitrogen metabolism.The results showed that single PE treatment at low levels promoted soybean seed germination and seedling growth physiology;however,inhibited them at a high level.A lower⁃level PE treatment[10 mg·L^(-1)(or mg·kg^(-1))]could promote soybean seed germination,seedling growth,photosynthesis,and nitrogen metabolism,whereas a higher level PE treatment[100 mg·L^(-1) and 200 mg·L^(-1)(or mg·kg^(-1))]had significant inhibition.The single SMZ treatment had different degrees of inhibition on soybean seed germination and seedling growth physiology,and the inhibition degree increased with the increase in SMZ treatment level.Under the different levels of combined treatments of PE and SMZ,adding the lower level PE treatment could alleviate the inhibition of the single SMZ treatment on soybean,with 10 mg·L^(-1)(or mg·kg^(-1))PE+1 mg·L^(-1)(or mg·kg^(-1))SMZ treatment having the best comprehensive mitigation effect,which could increase soybean seed germination potential,germination rate,germination index,vigor index,plant height,root length,shoot and root fresh weight,P_(n),G_(s),T_(r),chlorophyll contents,F_(v)/F_(m),ΦPSⅡ,ETR,qP,and key enzyme activities for nitrogen metabolism such as NR and decrease the average germination time,Ci,NPQ,and NO-3⁃N and NH+4⁃N contents compared with those in the single SMZ treatment.Adding the higher level PE treatment enhanced the inhibition of SMZ on soybean,and the inhibition degree increased with the increase in SMZ treatment level,in which 200

关 键 词：聚乙烯(PE) 磺胺二甲嘧啶(SMZ) 大豆 种子萌发 幼苗生长生理 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]