口腔种植的体内实验中模拟人颌骨动物模型的选择  

Selection of animal models simulating the human jawbone for in vivo experiments on oral implants

作　　者：王琦 滕微微 苏天月 舒倩怡 李翠英[3] 王心彧[1] 周立波[1] Wang Qi;Teng Weiwei;Su Tianyue;Shu Qianyi;Li Cuiying;Wang Xinyu;Zhou Libo(Affiliated Stomatological Hospital,Jiamusi University,Heilongjiang Key Lab of Oral Biomedicine Materials and Clinical Application,Jiamusi 154000,Heilongjiang,China;Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China;Central Laboratory,Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]佳木斯大学附属口腔医院,黑龙江省口腔生物医学材料及临床应用重点实验室,154000 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医院,100730 [3]北京大学口腔医院中心实验室,100081

出　　处：《中国口腔种植学杂志》2023年第4期285-289,共5页Chinese Journal of Oral Implantology

摘　　要：随着我国国民生活水平的提高和口腔种植技术的推广普及,牙种植已成为牙列缺损或牙列缺失的首选修复方式。提高临床种植医生外科种植水平,研发优秀种植体是提高种植修复成功率的重要措施,而医生培训和新种植体研发都离不开临床前的动物模型实验。因此,本文对适合口腔种植外科手术的动物及动物模型做一综述。在种植外科手术或检测研发的新种植体时,犬、猪、绵羊、山羊、兔等可用于模拟人颌骨。从饲育特点、伦理要求、体型、性格及颌骨组织的结构特性、组织构成、骨改建等方面看,猪是最接近于人颌骨的动物模型。由于实验目的不同,可选择不同动物模型开展实验,也可用多种动物模型进行联合研究,以取得不同研究需求的临床治疗目标和研究效果。With the improvement of our national living standard and the popularization of dental implant technology,dental implants have become the first choice for the restoration of partially or completely edentulous jaws.To improve the surgical skill level of clinicians and develop excellent implants are important measures to improve the success rate of implant restorations,and neither physician training nor new implant development can be accomplished without preclinical experiments on animal models.Therefore,this paper reviews the animals and animal models suitable for dental implant surgery.The results of literature analysis show that there are a variety of animals that can be used to simulate the human jawbone for implant surgery or for testing the new implants developed.Pigs are the closest animal model to the human jawbone in terms of feeding habits,ethical considerations,physical size,temperament,structural characteristics,tissue composition,and bone remodeling of the jawbone tissue.However,due to the different experimental purposes,different animal models can be selected to carry out experiments.Additionally,an array of animal models can be concurrently employed to meet diverse research needs and achieve clinical treatment objectives.

关 键 词：口腔种植外科 动物模型 种植体 

分 类 号：R783.6[医药卫生—口腔医学] R-332[医药卫生—临床医学]