原发性中枢神经系统血管炎的影像学表现研究进展  

Advances in imaging studies of primary angiitis of the central nervous system

作　　者：何宇[1] 臧卫周 He Yu;Zang Weizhou(Department of Neurology,People′s Hospital of Henan University,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学人民医院神经内科,郑州450003

出　　处：《中华神经科杂志》2023年第9期1072-1078,共7页Chinese Journal of Neurology

摘　　要：原发性中枢神经系统血管炎(PACNS)是一种罕见且病因未明的累及脑和脊髓血管的中枢神经系统炎性疾病,其发病率低,临床表现多样,脑脊液检查缺乏特异性,确诊主要依赖“金标准”——病理活组织检查。但由于取材部位、组织染色及镜下阅片的主观性,会造成部分患者误诊及漏诊。此外,PACNS潜在的侵袭性病程可能会对适当的免疫抑制治疗有效,进而减少致残、致死率,因此PACNS的早期诊断有助于患者的预后。而影像学检查方便、无创,可从多方面对PACNS的诊断及鉴别诊断提供重要信息。因此,探索该病的影像学特征非常重要。文中回顾了影像学检查在PACNS中的研究现状并对PACNS不同类型的影像学表现进行综述。Primary angiitis of the central nervous system(PACNS)is a rare inflammatory disease of the central nervous system with unknown etiology affecting the brain and spinal cord.As the incidence of PACNS is low,the clinical manifestations are diverse,the cerebrospinal fluid examination lacks specificity,its diagnosis mainly depends on the"gold standard"pathological biopsy.However,due to the subjectivity of the sampling site,tissue staining and microscopic reading,some patients may be misdiagnosed.In addition,the potentially aggressive course of PACNS may reduce disability and mortality through appropriate immunosuppressive therapy,so the early diagnosis of PACNS is conducive to the prognosis of patients.Imaging examination is convenient,non-invasive,and can provide important information for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of PACNS from various aspects.Therefore,it is very important to explore the imaging features of the disease.This paper reviews the current research status of imaging examination in PACNS and summarizes the different types of imaging findings in PACNS.

关 键 词：血管炎 中枢神经系统 体层摄影术 磁共振成像 磁共振波谱学 血管造影术 数字减影 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]