矿产资源开发视角下基于SRP模型的秦岭“生命共同体”生态脆弱性评价  

Ecological Vulnerability Assessment of"Life Community"in Qinling Mountains Based on SRP Model from the Perspective of Mineral Resource Development

作　　者：郭梨[1] 李冰洁 杨震[1] GUO Li;LI Bingjie;YANG Zhen(School of Resources Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2023年第5期273-280,共8页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金项目(2019S014);陕西省教育厅哲学社会科学重点研究基地科研计划项目(22JZ038)。

摘　　要：生态脆弱性评价作为开展生态保护的依据之一,对于区域生态建设具有重要作用。为系统分析秦岭“生命共同体”生态脆弱性的时空分布特征和主要驱动因子,从山水林田湖出发,根据山水林田湖系统在秦岭地区的典型性,构建矿产资源开发视角下秦岭“生命共同体”概念模型,并利用生态敏感性-生态恢复力-生态压力度(SRP)模型选取32个评价指标构建秦岭“生命共同体”评价指标体系,结合主成分分析(PCA)法对秦岭“生命共同体”2013年、2017年、2020年3期生态脆弱性进行定量评价。结果表明:(1)矿产资源开发视角下秦岭“生命共同体”的生态脆弱性空间分布呈东北高、西南低的特征,在3期内经历了从以极度脆弱为主到以微度脆弱为主,整体上生态脆弱性呈好转趋势,但渭南市生态脆弱性程度趋向严重;(2)工业废弃物排放量、采矿业能源消耗量、耕地面积、地区生产总值、人口密度、环保投资、水库库容是影响秦岭“生命共同体”生态脆弱性的主要因素。该研究结果可为秦岭“生命共同体”建设和生态修复与保护提供理论依据。As one of the basis for ecological protection,ecological vulnerability assessment plays a vital role in regional ecological construction.To systematically analyze the spatial and temporal distribution charac-teristics and main driving factors of the ecological vulnerability of"life community"in Qinling Mountains,a conceptual model of"life community"in Qinling Mountains from the perspective of mineral resource de-velopment is constructed based on the typicality of the mountain,water,forest,field and lake system in Qinling Mountains.On the basis of the ecological sensitivity-ecological resilience-ecological stress degree(SRP)model,32 evaluation indicators are selected to build an evaluation index system,and the ecological vulnerability of"life community"in the three phases from 2013 to 2020 is quantitatively evaluated by com-bining the principal component analysis(PCA).The results are as follows:OThe spatial distribution of ec-ological vulnerability of"life community"in Qinling Mountains from the perspective of mineral resource development is high in the northeast and low in the southwest.During three periods,the ecological vulnera-bility has changed from mainly extremely vulnerable to mainly slightly vulnerable,with an overall impro-ving trend of ecological vulnerability,but the ecological vulnerability of Weinan City tends to be serious;@Industrial waste emissions,energy consumption of mining industry,arable land area,regional GDP,popu-lation density,environmental protection investment,and reservoir capacity are the main factors affecting the vulnerability of"life community"in Qinling Mountains.The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for constructing the"life community"and ecological restoration and protection in Qinling Mountains.

关 键 词：秦岭“生命共同体” 矿产资源开发视角 SRP模型 生态脆弱性评价 主成分分析 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]