基于激光寻位的柴油机气缸盖焊接系统  

Welding System of Marine Diesel Engine Cylinder Head Based on Laser Searching

作　　者：杨帅 韦乃琨[2,3,4] 骆晓萌[3,4] YANG Shuai;WEI Naikun;LUO Xiaomeng(Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150006,China;Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Shipbuilding Technology Technology Research Institute,Shanghai 200032,China;National Engineering Research Center of Ship Intellingent Manufacturing,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150006 [2]上海交通大学,上海200240 [3]上海船舶工艺研究所,上海200032 [4]船舶智能制造国家工程研究中心,上海200032

出　　处：《电焊机》2023年第9期91-98,共8页Electric Welding Machine

摘　　要：船用柴油机气缸盖在运行中时,部分表面长期处于高温高压环境下,母体材料极易损坏,所以在制造时会在该表面堆焊一层镍基合金材料,以提高其耐高温高压能力,从而提高整体产品使用寿命。目前,对该位置进行堆焊,主要采用手工焊条电弧焊和专机半自动焊两种方法,主要存在效率低下,灵活性较差,人工参与量大的问题。针对这些问题,开发出一种基于激光寻位的柴油机气缸盖焊接系统,为智能化全自动机器人焊接系统,采用机器人替代人工,利用激光传感器寻找焊接位置,然后根据偏转关系,将焊接程序整体偏移,使机器人能够自动寻位,其间无须人工介入,且单个气缸盖仅需寻位一次,节省了大量人工定位焊缝的时间,提高了生产效率,缩短生产周期,较专机半自动焊提升效率20%以上。Some surfaces of cylinder head of marine diesel engine are under high temperature and high pressure for a long time when it is in operation,and the parent material is very easy to be damaged.Therefore,a layer of nickel base alloy material will be welded on the surface to improve its high temperature and high pressure resistance in actual production.At present,manual electrode arc welding and special machine semi-automatic welding are mainly used in factory,but there are some problems like low efficiency,poor flexibility and large amount of manual participation.In view of this phenomenon,a marine diesel engine cylinder head welding system based on laser searching is developed.Robots are used to replace manual work,laser sensors are used to searching the welding position,and then the welding procedure is offset to the correct position without manual intervention during the period.A single cylinder head only needs to be positioned once,which saves a lot of time for manually positioning the weld seam and improves the production efficiency.It can shorten the production cycle and improve the efficiency by more than 20%compared with the special machine semi-automatic welding.This system has strong practical significance.

关 键 词：激光寻位 气缸盖 焊接 机器人 智能化 全自动 

分 类 号：U671.81[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]