毒品成瘾者的言语产出及感知模式研究进展  

Research Progress on Speech Production and Speech Perception of Drug Addicts

作　　者：耿浦洋 杨恺 凌嵘 李致君 卢启萌 李岩 郭弘 GENG Puyang;YANG Kai;LING Rong;LI Zhijun;LU Qimeng;LI Yan;GUO Hong(Shanghai Forensic Service Platform,Key Laboratory of Forensic Science,Ministry of Justice,Academy of Forensic Science,Shanghai 200063,China)

机构地区：[1]司法鉴定科学研究院、上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台、司法部司法鉴定重点实验室,上海200063

出　　处：《中国司法鉴定》2023年第4期19-27,共9页Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(21CYY011);中央级科研院所公益研究基金(GY2021G-9);上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台资助项目。

摘　　要：言语不仅能够传递说话人的身份信息,还可以反映说话人的精神状态。在司法语音同一性鉴定和司法精神病鉴定中,言语都是不可或缺的要素之一。有研究发现,毒品会对人类的发音器官及认知加工机制造成严重损伤。受此影响,毒品成瘾者在言语产出过程中的呼吸节律、声带控制和构音动作等,以及在言语感知过程中的时间和情绪加工等都会出现异常,最终导致毒品成瘾者出现诸如声音嘶哑、音高调节失常和幻听等言语产出和感知障碍。通过对毒品成瘾者言语产出和感知模式的相关研究进行系统回顾,并基于前人研究的不足和启示提出未来的研究方向,旨在为司法语音同一性鉴定中的声学比对、话者身份和特征识别,以及法医精神病鉴定中的精神状态及损伤评估等实践项目提供理论基础和更广阔的视角。随着相关研究的不断深入,基于言语的新技术、新方法创新将持续为司法语音同一性和法医精神病鉴定等项目的实践提供帮助。Speech could not only deliver the information of the speaker’s identity,but also reflect the psychological status of the speaker.For forensic voice comparison and psychiatric examination,speech serves as an essential element.Previous studies have revealed that illicit drug use would cause severe damage to human speech organs and cognitive processing mechanisms.Due to those damages,drug addicts might experience disabilities in respiratory rhythms,vocal fold control,and pitch regulation during speech production,as well as in temporal and emotional processing during speech perception.As a result,these disabilities would lead to disorders of speech production and perception in drug addicts,such as vocal hoarseness,pitch dysregulation,and speech illusion.Our paper presents a systematic review of related researches on speech production and perception in drug addicts.Based on previous studies,our paper then proposes directions for future research.This paper aims to provide theoretical foundations and broader perspectives for the comparison of acoustic parameters,the recognition of speaker identity and features in forensic voice comparison,and the evaluation of psychological status and impairment in forensic psychiatric examination.As related research continues to progress,new methods and technologies based on speech will continue to contribute to the practice of forensic voice comparison and psychiatric examination.

关 键 词：毒品成瘾者 言语产出 言语感知 言语障碍 司法鉴定 

分 类 号：DF793.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]