何以行孝:王船山诚孝之“心”的逻辑展开  

How to Practice Filial Piety:The Logical Development of Wang Chuanshan’s Heart of Sincere Filial Piety

作　　者：陈力祥[1] 吴可 Chen Lixiang;Wu Ke

机构地区：[1]湖南大学岳麓书院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2023年第5期30-36,共7页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“王船山孝道思想研究”(21FZXA002);湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目“王船山笃孝思想研究”(20YBA045)。

摘　　要：明末清初思想家王船山认为,事亲行孝的关键在于“心”的真实发用,以此搭建了以心行孝的孝道思想实践体系。既然船山孝道实践的动力核心是诚孝之“心”,那么首先需要辨析“志”“意”之别,挺立“心”之诚,以治“意欲”之乱。其次,在具体的人伦关系之中,船山以“心存爱敬、外修其礼”为行孝的具体方案,提出了“以无违而中礼”和“以礼而得无违”的两条行孝路径;同时以“一而不执”为用心尺度,主张守爱敬之“一”,行孝之“不执”。最后,船山孝道实践思想的最终目的在于推扩诚孝的“心”,以期达到事亲从兄的极顶位次——“自然生乐”的理想境界。Wang Chuanshan,a thinker in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties,believes that the key to filial piety lies in the true use of“heart”,so as to build a practical system of filial piety.Since the core driving force of Chuanshan’s filial piety practice is the“heart”of sincerity and filial piety,it is necessary to first analyze the difference between“ambition”and“will”,and establish the sincerity of“heart”in order to control the rebellion of“will and desire”.Secondly,in specific human relations,Chuanshan put forward two paths of filial piety:“To obey the rite with no violation”and“no violation with the help of rite”with the specific plan of“internal love and respect,external rites”.At the same time,with“persistent but not stubborn”as the heart scale,it advocates the“persistence”of love and respect,and the“not stubborn”of filial piety.Finally,the ultimate goal of Chuanshan’s practical thought of filial piety is to expand the“heart”of sincerity and filial piety,in order to achieve the ideal state of“natural happiness”,which is the top position of serving parents and brothers.

关 键 词：王船山 诚孝之心 事亲行孝 孝道思想 

分 类 号：B249.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]