输电线路防冰/除冰涂层技术发展与创新综述  

Review on Development and Innovation of Anti-Icing/De-Icing Coatings for Power Transmission Lines

作　　者：李旭[1] 谭新玉[1,2] LI Xu;TAN Xinyu(College of Electrical Engineering&New Energy,China Three Gorges Univ.,Yichang,443002,China;College of Materials&Chemical Engineering,China Three Gorges Univ.,Yichang 443002,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学电气与新能源学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]三峡大学材料与化工学院,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《三峡大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期142-152,共11页Journal of China Three Gorges University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U1765105)。

摘　　要：综述了防冰和除冰涂层技术在输电线路中的应用,介绍了输电线路覆冰的类型及特征,总结了目前的防冰和除冰技术在输电线路中的应用及优缺点.重点综述了疏水涂层在输电线路防冰、除冰方面的研究进展及现状,包括超疏水防冰涂层、电热防冰涂层和光热防冰涂层.超疏水防冰涂层制备方法主要有溶胶-凝胶法、喷涂法、浸涂法、刻蚀法、激光烧蚀法等.电热防冰涂层利用泄漏电流的热效应蒸发绝缘子表面的水膜,在输电线路绝缘子上的应用具有一定的防冰、除冰效果,但其损耗和使用寿命仍需要进一步研究.光热防冰涂层的防冰、除冰效果好,与自润滑、自修复功能相结合,未来有更大的发展潜力.The application of anti-icing and de-icing coating technology in transmission lines is summarized in this paper.The types and characteristics of icing in transmission lines are introduced,meanwhile,the application,advantages and disadvantages of current anti-icing and de-icing technologies in transmission lines are reviewed.The research progress and current status of anti-icing coatings in transmission lines are mainly overviewed including super-hydrophobic coatings,electrothermal coatings,and photothermal coatings.The preparation methods of super-hydrophobic anti-icing coatings mainly include the sol-gel method,the spraying method,the dip coating method,the etching method,the laser ablation method,etc.The electrothermal coatings has a certain anti-icing and de-icing effect by utilizing the thermal effect of leakage current to evaporate the water film on the surface of the insulator.However,the loss and service life still need further to be researched.The photothermal coating with the excellent anti-icing and de-icing effects,combined with self-lubricating and self-healing functions,has greater developing potential in the future.

关 键 词：超疏水 防冰 除冰 输电线路 光热 

分 类 号：TM752.5[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]