博落回提取物对肉牛瘤胃体外发酵、甲烷产量和微生物区系的影响  

Effects of Macleaya cordata Extract on Rumen in vitro Fermentation,Methane Production and Microflora of Beef Cattle

作　　者：曾泽 张华琦[1,2] 桂干北 圣平 ZENG Ze;ZHANG Huaqi;GUI Ganbei;SHENG Ping(Key Open Laboratory of Chimese Veterinary Medicine of Srate Ethnic Affairs Commision,Tongren Vocational Technical College,Tongren,Guizhou 554300 China;Institute of Biological Resources,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang,jiangXi 30096,China)

机构地区：[1]铜仁职业技术学院国家民委中兽药重点开放实验室,贵州铜仁554300 [2]江西省科学院生物资源研究所,江西南昌330096

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2023年第9期19-25,71,共8页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划项目(20181ACF60013);铜仁市科技计划项目(铜市科研[2022]70号);贵州省高等学校中药现代提取分离纯化关键技术开发与应用创新团队(黔教技[2023]097号)。

摘　　要：试验旨在通过体外瘤胃发酵技术研究博落回提取物对肉牛瘤胃发酵、甲烷产量及微生物区系的影响。选取3头健康、体况相近、安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的锦江黄牛作为瘤胃液供体,试验分为2组,以500 mg精粗比为50∶50的全混合日粮为发酵底物,对照组不添加博落回提取物,试验组添加0.11%博落回提取物。体外发酵12 h和24 h,测定瘤胃发酵参数和微生物含量。结果表明:与对照组相比,添加博落回提取物后产气量显著降低;甲烷产量在发酵3 h、6 h、9 h和12 h后显著降低,但发酵24 h后甲烷产量显著升高;发酵液pH和干物质降解率均无显著变化;氨态氮浓度显著降低;总挥发性脂肪酸、乙酸、丙酸和微生物蛋白浓度在发酵12 h后显著降低,但发酵24 h后无明显变化;显著升高了拟杆菌门相对丰度,显著降低了黏胶球形菌门、毛螺菌属和支原体属的相对丰度。以上结果表明,在体外条件下,博落回提取物能够改善瘤胃发酵模式,影响瘤胃微生物区系,甲烷产量先降低后升高。The objctive of this study was to explore the effects of Macleaya cordata extract on rumen fermentation,methane production and microflora of beef cattle by in vitro culture method.Three healthy Jinjiang cattle with similar body condition and permanent ruminal fistula were used as the donor of rumen fluid.Two experimental groups were assigned.Total mixed ration with concentrate to forage ratio at 50:50 was used as the fermentation substrate.The control group did not add M.cordata extract,and the experimental group added 0.11%M.cordata extract.After fermented for 12 h and 24 h,rumen fermenta-tion parameters and microorganism contents were determined.The results showed that the gas production decreased significantly after adding M.cordala extract.Methane production decreased significantly with M.cordata extract after 3 h,6 h,9 h,and 12 h of fermentation,but increased significantly after 24 h.There was no remarkable change in pH of fermentation fluid and dry matter degradation rate.M.cordata extract decreased the concentration of NH,-N in fermentation fluid.M.cordata extract decreased the con-.centration of microbial protin,total volatile fatty acids,acetic,propionic after 12 h,but did not change significantly after 24 h.M.cordata extract significantly increased the relative abundance of bacteroidete and decreased the relative abundance of lentisphaerae,lachnospiraceae and mycoplasma.The results indi-cate that under in vitro conditions,the M.cordata extract could improve rumen fermentation pattern,af-fect rumen micoflora,and reduce methane production primarily and then increase it.

关 键 词：博落回提取物 肉牛 体外发酵 甲烷产量 微生物区系 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]