不同地区塔里木鸽体尺、屠宰指标和器官指数比较分析  

Comparative Analysis of Body Size,Slaughter Index and Organ Index of Tarim Pigeon from Different Regions

作　　者：汤青萍[1] 穆春宇[1] 常玲玲[1] 刘佳佳 张蕊[1] 付胜勇[1] 卜柱[1] TANG Qingping;MU Chunyu;CHANG Lingling;LIU jiajia;ZHANG Rui;FU Shengyong;BUZhu(Poultry Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225125;Moyu County Lanhai Pigeon Co,Ltd.,Hetian,Xinjiang 848102,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院家禽研究所,江苏扬州225125 [2]墨玉县蓝海鸽业有限公司,新疆和田848102

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2023年第9期36-39,共4页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2020B01007);自治区科技支疆项目计划(2022E02013)。

摘　　要：为验证塔里木鸽经过4年多异地饲养,较大的自然生态环境和饲养方式差异是否会引起其体型及器官的变化,对新疆(XJT,大棚群养,原粮饲料)和江苏(JST,笼养,70%原粮+30%颗粒料)饲养的成年塔里木鸽各40只,公母各半,进行体尺、屠宰测定比较分析。研究发现,JST龙骨长(8.2 cm)显著大于XJT(7.9 cm)(P<0.05),JST胸宽(6.6 cm)极显著大于XJT(6.0 cm)(P<0.01),JST胸深(5.9 cm)极显著小于XJT(6.5 cm)(P<0.01)。体重JST(395.3 g)、XJT(374.7 g)和双侧胸肌重JST(86.1 g)、XJT(82.5 g)差异均不显著(P>0.05),但胸肌率JST(30.4%)显著小于XJT(31.7%)(P<0.05),腿肌率JST(7.9%)极显著大于XJT(7.3%)(P<0.01);JST屠宰率(86.6%)显著大于XJT(84.8%)(P<0.05)。肌胃重和肌胃指数JST(7.52 g、1.92%)极显著大于XJT(6.38 g、1.73%)(P<0.01),其余器官重和器官指数都是XJT极显著或显著大于JST。塔里木鸽经过异地饲养后,龙骨变长、体型变宽,而身体的深度变浅;产肉性能没有变化,胸肌略有退化,而腿肌加强;羽毛+血液重占体重的比例变小;心脏、肝脏、肺、腺胃器官指数变小,而肌胃指数变大。The purpose of this study was to verify whether the large differences in natural ecological environment and breeding methods can cause the changes of body size and organs of Tarim pigeons after more than 4 years of breeding in different places.40 adult Tarim pigeons,including half male and half female,were selected from Xinjiang autonomous region(XJT,fly tents breeding,raw grain feed)and Jiangsu province(JST,cage breeding,70%raw grain+30%pellet feed),respectively,for the body measurement and slaughter determination.The results showed that keel length of JST(8.2 cm)was significantly longer than that of XJT(7.9 cm)(P<0.05),the chest width of JST(6.6 cm)was significantly higher than that of XJT(6.0 cm)(P<0.01),and the chest depth of JST(5.9 cm)was significantly lower than that of XJT(6.5 cm)(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in body weight between JST(395.3 g)and XJT(374.7 g),the same as bilateral chest muscle weight between JST(86.1 g)and XJT(82.5 g)(P>0.05),while the chest muscle percentage of JST(30.4%)was significantly lower than that of XJT(31.7%)(P<0.05),the leg muscle percentage of JST(7.9%)was significantly higher than that of XJT(7.3%)(P<0.01).The slaughter rate of JST(86.6%)was significantly higher than that of XJT(84.8%)(P<0.05).The gizzard weight and gizzard index of JST(7.52 g,1.92%)were significantly higher than XJT(6.38g,1.73%)(P<0.01),while other organ weight and organ indexes of XJT were extremely or significantly higher than that of JST.After being fed in different places,the keel becomes longer,the body becomes wider,and the body depth becomes shallower.There is no change in meat production.The breast muscle is slightly degraded,but the leg muscle is strengthened.The ratio of feather and blood weight to body weight is decreased.The organ index of heart,liver,lung and glandular stomach is decreased,while the gizzard index is increased.

关 键 词：塔里木鸽 体尺 屠宰 器官指数 

分 类 号：S836[农业科学—畜牧学]