海军官兵迈尔斯-布里格斯类型指标常模的构建与分析  

Construction and analysis of Myers-Briggs type indicator norm of naval officers and soldiers

作　　者：鲁娟[1] 姚煊道[2] 唐云翔[3] 朱玉平[4] LU Juan;YAO Xuandao;TANG Yunxiang;ZHU Yuping(Military Continuing Education Center,Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University),Shanghai 200433,China;Technical Center for Military Continuing Education,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410003,Hunan,China;Faculty of Psychology,Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University),Shanghai 200433,China;Basic Medical Experimental Teaching Center,Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University),Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学(第二军医大学)职业教育中心,上海200433 [2]国防科技大学军事职业教育技术服务中心,长沙410003 [3]海军军医大学(第二军医大学)心理系,上海200433 [4]海军军医大学(第二军医大学)基础医学实验教学中心,上海200433

出　　处：《海军军医大学学报》2023年第9期1101-1108,共8页Academic Journal of Naval Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71603269);全国教育科学国防军事教育学科规划课题(JYKY-C2023015);海军军医大学(第二军医大学)高等级教学成果培育资助项目(JPY2022A03).

摘　　要：目的建立海军官兵迈尔斯-布里格斯类型指标(MBTI)人格类型常模,为其职业发展及不同群体比较提供依据和参考。方法应用MBTI-M版本量表汉化版,测试我国海军官兵外向(E)-内向(I)、感觉(S)-直觉(N)、思考(T)-情感(F)、判断(J)-感知(P)4个人格维度的偏好和人格类型,建立常模。结果海军官兵总体在4个人格维度上偏好E(标准分为0.585±0.213)、S(标准分为0.636±0.201)、T(标准分为0.591±0.204)、J(标准分为0.676±0.224)。除不同性别官兵在E-I维度和S-N维度、不同身份官兵在S-N维度、不同单位性质官兵在S-N维度差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)外,不同性别、单位类型、身份、业务部门、单位性质、兵种类别的海军官兵在E-I、S-N、T-F、J-P各个维度的偏好差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。人格类型以ESTJ(24.4%)、ISTJ(11.1%)、INFP(10.1%)为主,不同群体间差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论海军官兵MBTI人格类型倾向于E-S-T-J,尤其是J,但总体倾向均不明显;综合人格类型以ESTJ、ISTJ、INFP等为主;常模受一般人口学因素尤其是不同单位类型、业务部门和兵种类别等的影响,但性别因素影响不大。应根据海军官兵不同的个性特征实现不同岗位之间的调整,同时参照最适合军人的ESTJ类型有意识地修正和完善发展其辅助功能,开展多方面的心理训练。Objective To construct the norm of Myers-Briggs type indicator(MBTI)personality types of naval officers and soldiers,so as to provide basis and reference for their career development and for comparison of different groups.Methods The Chinese version of MBTI-M was used to test the preferences and personality types of naval officers and soldiers of 4 personality dimensions:extraversion(E)-introversion(I),sensing(S)-intuition(N),thinking(T)-feeling(F),and judging(J)-perceiving(P),and to establish norms.Results Naval officers and soldiers generally preferred E(standard score of 0.585±0.213),S(0.636±0.201),T(0.591±0.204)and J(0.676±0.224)in the 4 personality dimensions.There were significant differences in different genders,unit types,identities,work departments,unit properties and arms of services in all the 4 dimensions,except for the differences of different genders in the E-I and S-N dimensions,different identities in the S-N dimension and different unit properties in the S-N dimension(all P<0.05).The dominant personality types were ESTJ(24.4%),ISTJ(11.1%)and INFP(10.1%),and it all showed significant differences among different groups(all P<0.05).Conclusion The MBTI personality types of naval officers and soldiers tend to be E-S-T-J,especially J,but the overall tendency is not obvious.The dominant personality types are ESTJ,ISTJ and INFP.The norm is affected by general demographic factors,especially by the unit types,work departments and arms of services,but not by gender.Different posts of navy should be adjusted according to different personality characteristics;meanwhile with ESTJ as the reference(best for military personnel),various psychological training should be carried out to consciously revise and develop its auxiliary functions.

关 键 词：海军 官兵 人格类型 迈尔斯-布里格斯类型指标 常模 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学] E153[军事—军事理论]