污水中红霉素抗性菌的特性  

Characteristics of Erythromycin Resistant Bacteria in Sewage

作　　者：韩冰[1] 周丽鹏 姚文利 徐佳婷 董莉莉[2] 孙世梅[1] HAN Bing;ZHOU Li-peng;YAO Wen-li;XU Jia-ting;DONG Li-li;SUN Shi-mei(School of Emergency Science and Engineering,Jilin Jianzhu University,Changchun 130118,China;School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Jilin Jianzhu University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林建筑大学应急科学与工程学院,长春130118 [2]吉林建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,长春130118

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2023年第25期11021-11026,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：吉林省科技厅项目(20210203196SF,20220203025SF,20220203010SF);吉林省教育厅科研项目(JJKH20200291KJ);城乡和住房建设部科研项目(2022-KJ-01)。

摘　　要：针对抗生素过度使用对生态环境和人类健康造成潜在威胁的问题,采用微生物的分离培养方法和聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)检测方法,对北方某污水处理厂中各个处理单元中红霉素残留浓度、抗性菌、抗性基因的特性进行了翔实的研究。研究结果显示,在污水中检测到红霉素浓度7.5~86.9μg/L,去除率为81.4%~89.3%。进水、出水中残留的红霉素抗性菌(erythromycin antibiotic resistance bacteria,EARB)的浓度分别在6.9×10^(5)~8.4×10^(5)CFU/mL和1.8×10^(5)~3.5×10^(5)CFU/mL。单一红霉素抗性菌比例为45.0%,双重抗生素抗性菌株的比例为40.84%,三重抗生素抗性菌株的比例为14.16%。抗性菌对6种抗生素抗性也表现出不同的抗性,多重抗性菌表现出。抗生素抗性基因(antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)中浓度在1.3~9.5 lg(copies/L)。1株单一抗性菌未检测到ereA、ereB、mefA/mefE和ermB的基因。在26株磺胺+红霉的抗性菌中,2株未检测到int2,各有1株未检测到int1、ereB。三重抗性菌中,4株未能检测到tetQ,各有2株未能检测到tetX和int2;各有1株未能检测到int1、mefA/mefE、ereB。研究结果表明污水中红霉素残留量高,EARB具有多重抗生素抗性,多重抗性菌未检测到对应的目的ARGs,推测环境中长期残留多种抗生素,游离多重ARGs对抗性菌的演变产生具有重要影响,与抗性菌抗性存在相应的关系。In order to explore the potential threats of overuse of antibiotics to the ecological environment and human health,the northern sewage treatment were studied in detail.While the residual concentration of erythromycin,the characteristics of resistant bacteria and resistant genes in wastewater treatment plants were detected by the isolation of microorganisms and polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The results show that the erythromycin concentrations are in the ranges of 7.5~86.9μg/L,and their respective removal efficiency is low in the range from 81.4%to 89.3%.The concentrations of residual erythromycin-resistant bacteria in influent and effluent are 6.9×10^(5)CFU/mL~8.4×10^(5)and 1.8×10^(5)~3.5×10^(5)CFU/mL,respectively.Based on the correlation analyses,the proportion of single erythromycin resistant strain is 45.0%,double antibiotic resistant strain is 40.84%,and triple antibiotic resistant strain is 14.16%.The resistant bacteria also expresses different resistance to 6 kinds of antibiotics.Additionally,all antagonistic resistance genes are detected in the range between 1.3~9.5 lg(copies/L).The genes of ereA,ereB,mefA/mefE and ermB are not detected in one single resistant strain.Among 26 strains of Sulfa+erythromycin resistant bacteria,2 strains could not detect int 2,1 strain each Could not detect int1 and ereB.Among the triple antibiotic resistant strain,4 strains could not detect tetQ,2 strains could not detect tetX and int2,and 1 strain could not detect int1,mefA/mefE and ereB.The results indicates that the erythromycin residue in sewage is high,and erythromycin-resistant bacteria has multiple resistances,which has an important influence on the evolution of resistant genes and has a corresponding relationship with antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

关 键 词：抗生素抗性基因 红霉素 抗性菌 多重抗生素 污水 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]