19世纪上半叶法国数学创新的特征研究——数学物理的发展  

A Study on the Features of Mathematical Innovations of the First Half of the 19^(th) Century:the Development of Mathematical Phyisics

作　　者：王晓斐 WANG Xiaofei(Institute for the History of Natural Sciences,CAS,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院自然科学史研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《枣庄学院学报》2023年第5期18-23,46,共7页Journal of Zaozhuang University

基　　金：中国科学院自然科学史研究所“十四五”重大突破项目(E2291J01)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：为考察和揭示19世纪上半叶法国数学的发展特征,聚焦在这一时期法国数学界的工作,通过分析1820—1840年法国科学院历年的数学奖问题,说明这一时期法国数学家主要关注的研究领域,并指出19世纪上半叶法国数学围绕数学物理—分析学对物理问题的应用分支展开研究的特点。研究以刘维尔为代表的年轻数学家的活动,以展示这一时期法国数学家个体如何成长和发展及其职业化道路以及研究取向如何受到“保护人”及时代的影响。This article aims to reveal the features of the development of mathematics in France in the first half of the 19th century.For this purpose,it focuses on the works by French mathematicians of the period.Through an analysis on the Prize problems of Mathematics proposed by the Academy of Sciences from 1820 to 1840,this article illustrates the area and subjects which substantially drew attention of French mathematicians of this time.It thus points out that mathematical physics,a branch of analysis applied to physical matters,was the core issue of mathematics in France in the first half of the 19th century.Giving this context,this article will also examine the works and activities of Joseph Liouville,a representative figure of young mathematicians in France at the time,so as to show how an individual mathematician grew and advance,and to what a degree his road to the profession and research interest were impacted by“patrons”and the trends of the development of mathematics at the time.

关 键 词：法国科学院 数学奖 数学物理 刘维尔 

分 类 号：O11[理学—数学]