种植密度对饲用辣木生长、产量及营养含量的影响  

The Effect of Different Planting Density on Growth,Yield and Nutrient Composition of Moringa oleifera.L

作　　者：杨朴丽[1] 龙继明[1] 赵春攀 杨焱[1] 任保兰 马志亮[1] 张祖兵[1] YANG Puli;LONG Jiming;ZHAO Chunpang;YANG Yan;REN Baolan;MA Zhiliang;ZHANG Zubing*(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong 666100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《热带农业科技》2023年第4期37-43,共7页Tropical Agricultural Science & Technology

基　　金：国家木薯产业技术体系辣木栽培模式岗位专家项目(CARS-11-YN ZZB);国家木薯产业技术体系西双版纳综合试验站项目(CARS-11-YNLHQ);云南省高层次科技人才及创新团队选拔专项(202205AD160032)。

摘　　要：为探讨种植密度对饲用辣木生长特性、产量和营养成分的影响,以多油辣木品种PKM1为试验材料按不同密度种植,分析不同密度下农艺性状、产量及营养品质指标。结果表明:随着种植密度的增加,饲用辣木的株高、茎粗、冠幅、叶绿素含量逐渐降低,植株存活率、单株产量和群体产量也呈下降趋势,其中种植密度为3.84万株/hm^(2)的群体产量最高;3.84万株/hm^(2)处理的叶片粗多糖、钙、锌、铁、铜含量较高,钙、锌、粗多糖及氨基酸等差异不显著;随着种植密度的增加,饲用辣木根系生长受到抑制,主根细,侧根多。种植密度过大会影响到饲用辣木的生长发育,致产量和品质降低。To explore the effects of planting density on the growth characteristics,yield,and nutritional composition of Moringa oleifera,the multi oil variety PKM1 was used as experimental material to plant at different densities and analyze the agronomic traits,yield,and nutritional quality indicators under different densities.The plant height,stem diameter,crown width and chlorophyll content were decreased with the increase of planting densities.The individual survival rate,yield per plant and population yield also showed a downward trend with the increase of planting densities.It`s found that the population yield reached the highest when planting density was at 38400 plants/hm^(2).The content of crude polysaccharide,calcium,zinc,iron and copper in leaves treated with 38400 plants/hm^(2)was the highest,but the differences of calcium,zinc,crude polysaccharide and amino acids were not significant.With the increase of planting density,the root growth of Moringa was inhibited,thin main roots and many lateral roots.Excessive planting density would affect the growth of Moringa,and make its yield and quality worse.

关 键 词：辣木 种植密度 生长性状 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]