中国文学名著简写本易读性与可读性刍议  

Linguistic readability and content readability of simplified editions of Chinese literary classics

作　　者：张莉[1] ZHANG Li

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学国际中文教育研究院/汉学与中国学学院,100083

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2023年第5期24-33,共10页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：国家语委“十三五”科研规划2020年度科研一般项目(全球中文学习联盟研究专项)“大文本中文分级读物易读性与可读性研究”(YB135-156)的支持。

摘　　要：文学名著简写本不仅适合作为语言学习读物,而且是传播文化的绝佳载体,但目前中国文学名著简写本极为缺乏,时代呼唤高质量的中国文学名著简写读物。简写文学名著,既要重视语言层面的简明易懂,即语言的易读性,更要重视内容层面的引人入胜,即内容的可读性,因为内容的可读性会给语言的易读性带来很大的弹性。国内的相关研究偏重于文本易读性公式,但是中文易读性公式目前尚无法支撑中国文学名著简写。简写时控制易读性,首先要有一套科学而权威的词汇等级大纲可供遵循,其次要根据设定的起点水平降低生词密度,提高生词复现率。文学名著天然地具有可读性,简写本保全其可读性,有四条必须遵守的原则:(1)以剪裁凸显主线内容的可读性;(2)保证关键局部的细节生动丰满;(3)简写本的内容必须忠实于原著;(4)简写本可以适度地对原著阐幽明微。The simplified edition of famous literary works is not only reading material suitable for language learning,but also an excellent vehicle for culture spreading.However,there is a huge shortage of simplified editions of Chinese literary classics.To answer the call for high-quality books of this kind,we propose to attach importance to not only linguistic readability,but also content readability,because the latter can bring great flexibility to the former.Domestic studies have focused on the textual readability formulas,but the formula is not yet able to support the simplified writing of Chinese literary masterpieces.The control of linguistic readability in simplified writing requires,firstly,a scientific and authoritative syllabus of graded vocabulary,and secondly,a lower density and a higher recurrence rate of new words according to the set starting level.To preserve content readability that is innate to literary classics,there are four principles to be observed:(1)to highlight the main event line by trimming the branches;(2)to ensure the vividness and richness of key details;(3)the content of the simplified text must be faithful to the original;and(4)the simplified text can moderately elucidate the original text.

关 键 词：简写本 缩写本 易读性 可读性 易读性公式 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]