挖掘机滚翻保护结构的耐撞性分析及轻量化设计  

Crashworthiness analysis and lightweight design of a rollover protective structure of an excavator

作　　者：马超 鹿鹏程 邱娜 鲁红朋 仇文宁[1] MA Chao;LU Pengcheng;QIU Na;LU Hongpeng;QIU Wenning(School of Intelligent Manufacturing,Jiangsu Vocational Institute of Architectural Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,China;School of Automotive Studies,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 570100,China;Tianjin Hanqiao Vehicle Body Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 301700,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏建筑职业技术学院智能制造学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]同济大学汽车学院,上海201804 [3]海南大学机电工程学院,海南海口570100 [4]天津瀚侨车体制造有限公司,天津301700

出　　处：《中国工程机械学报》2023年第4期363-366,共4页Chinese Journal of Construction Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金(52165029);国家自然科学基金青年基金(52805123);江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究面上项目(22KJD460003)。

摘　　要：为提高某型号挖掘机滚翻保护结构(ROPS)的耐撞性并降低其总质量,研究使用结构响应分析及多目标优化方法对其进行优化。通过部件吸收的能量和承受的截面力等结构响应,评估ROPS中的各个部件对结构吸能特性和变形机理的影响。根据结构响应分析筛选出可提升结构吸能量并降低质量的部件,将其厚度作为设计变量,以乘员与ROPS之间的最小距离(安全距离)最大化、质量最小化为目标函数,以ROPS的吸能量为约束函数进行多目标优化。优化结果表明:最优解在满足ROPS性能要求时,安全距离增大121.77%,结构总质量下降10.62%,该研究可为工程机械的ROPS轻量化设计提供指导。The structural response analysis and the multi-objective optimization(MOO)are used to design a lightweight rollover protective structure(ROPS)of a hydraulic excavator and improve the crashworthiness of the ROPS.Firstly,the effects of each component of the ROPS on the energy absorption and deformation mechanism of the ROPS are evaluated based on the amount of absorbed energy and the cross-sectional force it bears.According to the structural response analysis,the components that can improve the energy absorption and reduce the total weight of the ROPS are screened out.Their thicknesses are considered as the design variables.The MOO problem is formulated to maximize the minimal distance between the occupant and the ROPS(safety distance)and minimize the total weight of the ROPS while the absorbed energy is treated as the constraint function.The results show that,compared with the original design,the safety distance and the total weight of the optimal design is increased and is reduced by 121.77%and 10.62%,respectively.This study can provide a guideline for the lightweight design of ROPS of a construction machinery.

关 键 词：耐撞性优化 滚翻保护结构 结构响应分析 约束多目标优化 轻量化设计 

分 类 号：TH112[机械工程—机械设计及理论]