核心承继·多元并置·融合重构——广东汉剧声腔源流考证  

A Textual Research on the Origin and Development of the Melodic Pattern of Guangong Han Opera

作　　者：罗钢芹[1] LUO Gangqin

机构地区：[1]嘉应学院音乐与舞蹈学院,广东梅州514015

出　　处：《音乐探索》2023年第3期73-84,共12页Explorations in Music

基　　金：2021年教育部人文社科研究规划基金项目“粤闽赣边区汉畲文化交融下的客家礼俗音乐与文化认同研究”(21YJA760041);2020年广东省哲学社会科学“十三五”规划项目“梅州客家传统礼俗仪式音乐与中华文化认同研究”(GD20XYS29);2018年广东省普通高校人文社会科学重点研究基地客家研究院招标课题“客家民俗跳觋仪式音乐调查与传承研究”(18KYKT07)。

摘　　要：从传播媒介与历史传播路径来看,湖北汉剧向粤东的传播并非直接传播,而是以“外江戏”中的湖南祁剧班为媒介,分两条路径进行:一是沿着客家人的“南迁之路”将汉调传入粤东;二是沿着广州商帮的“经商之路”将汉调带到粤东。从声腔比较与分析中,发现广东汉剧不仅承继了湖北汉剧声腔的核心基因,而且还吸收了“外江戏”中的徽剧、祁剧、昆曲等外来剧种声腔和客家本土声腔的部分表演成分,是一种多元并置、融合重构下生成的地方性剧种文化,具有典型的承继性与变异性文化特征。From the standpoint of communication media and historical transmission routes,the dissemination of Hubei Han Opera to eastern Guangdong was not a direct process.Instead,it was propagated through two distinct paths by the Hunan Qi Opera Troupe in Waijiang Opera.The first path involved the transmission of Han Opera to eastern Guangdong along the"southward migration road"of the Hakka people.The second path entailed the introduction of Handiao to eastern Guangdong via the"business road"utilized by Guangzhou business gangs.By conducting a comparative analysis of the phonology,it becomes evident that Guangdong Han Opera not only preserves the fundamental elements of Hubei Han Opera but also incorporates certain performance aspects from external operas such as Hui Opera,Qi Opera,Kunqu Opera in Waijiang Opera,and local Hakka operas.As a result,it emerges as a local opera culture that arises from the juxtaposition,integration,and reconstruction of multiple influences.This amalgamation gives rise to distinct cultural characteristics characterized by both inheritance and variability.

关 键 词：广东汉剧声腔 湖北汉剧 皮黄腔 传播路径 承继性 变异性 

分 类 号：J607[艺术—音乐]