康有为与晚清改革再认识——《戊戌履霜录》发微  

Rethinking Kang Youwei and the Reform in the Late Qing Dynasty:A Study of Wuxu LüShuang Lu

作　　者：李泽昊 Li Zehao(School of Marxism,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学马克思主义学院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《东方论坛（青岛大学学报）》2023年第5期44-54,共11页Eastern Forum（JOURNAL OF QINGDAO UNIVERSITY）

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“优秀传统家训文化的传承与发展研究”(18YJC710036)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在传统的历史叙事中,康有为的形象从戊戌变法被视为引领历史潮流的人物,到越来越“保守”,乃至逐渐“落后”于时代,经历了一个日益褪色的过程。对于康有为,若不对其个性特质全面缜量,便不能理解其中的真原因。《戊戌履霜录》是近代著名传统派史学家胡思敬的代表作之一。尽管胡氏思想保守,但在传统史学理念的指导下,他也会如实揭示出一些主要的历史真相。维新变法运动期间,康有为以一介布衣书生,积极奔走,反复呼号,虽一再受挫,却不遗余力,义无反顾。然而,辩证地看,他的个性、才能对维新变法运动也起到了不容忽视的负面作用。这绝非低估康有为对维新变法的历史贡献。一个有缺陷的康有为比一个在可能世界里正确完美的康有为意味深长得多,站在有缺陷的康有为背后,能给人以更多的震撼与教益。戊戌政变最终激化了清朝统治集团内部的矛盾,加速了这个腐朽王朝的崩溃。注意到这个客观效果,才能对康有为的历史功过做出更为公允的评价。In traditional historical narrative,Kang Youwei's image underwent an increasingly fading process,from a figure leading the historical trend during the Wuxu Reform to someone increasingly"conservative"and even gradually"lagging behind"the times.If his personal traits are not comprehensively measured,the true reason behind the process cannot be understood.WuxuLüShuangLuis one of the representative works of the famous traditional historian Hu Sijing in modern times.Although Hu's ideology is conservative,he truthfully reveals some major historical truths under the guidance of traditional historical concepts.During the period of the Reform Movement,Kang Youwei,as an ordinary scholar,actively campaigned and repeatedly called for help.Despite repeated setbacks,he spared no effort and never turned back.However,from a dialectical perspective,his personality and talent also played a negative role that cannot be ignored in the Reform Movement.This is by no means an underestimate of his historical contribution to the reform.A flawed Kang Youwei is much more meaningful than a correct and perfect Kang Youwei in a possible world.Standing behind a flawed Kang Youwei can give people more shock and enlightenment.The 1898 Coup ultimately intensified the conflicts within the Qing Dynasty's ruling group and accelerated the collapse of this decadent dynasty.Only by paying attention to this objective effect can we make a fairer evaluation of Kang Youwei's achievements and faults in history.

关 键 词：胡思敬 《戊戌履霜录》 康有为 晚清改革 

分 类 号：K256.5[历史地理—历史学]