振幅放大型钢轨吸振器对弹性波传播的控制研究  

A study on the control of elastic wave propagation by amplitudemagnification rail vibration absorbers

作　　者：冯青松[1] 张瀚文 郭文杰 梁玉雄 陆建飞[2] FENG Qingsong;ZHANG Hanwen;GUO Wenjie;LIANG Yuxiong;LU Jianfei(State Key Laboratory of Performance Monitoring Protecting of Rail Transit Infrastructure,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China;Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学轨道交通基础设施性能监测与保障国家重点实验室,南昌330013 [2]江苏大学土木工程与力学学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2023年第16期1-9,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52178423;52068029;51878277);中国博士后科学基金(2021M690997);轨道交通基础设施性能监测与保障国家重点实验室自主课题(HJGZ2021211);江西省重点研发计划项目(20192BBE50008);江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养计划(20194BCJ22008)。

摘　　要：采用钢轨动力吸振器是控制轮轨噪声的有效手段,可以对其结构进行优化设计以更有效地实现减振降噪。基于振幅放大机制提出一种新型钢轨动力吸振器,建立按周期规律布置振幅放大型吸振器的轨道模型,采用能量法得到模型结构的带隙,利用COMSOL有限元软件对计算出的能带结构进行验证,并结合位移导纳和振动加速度级的结果研究和评估了振幅放大型动力吸振器的减振效果。此外,进一步分析了振幅放大的机理以及放大倍数对减振性能的影响。结果表明,从控制弹性波在钢轨结构内传播的角度来看,振幅放大型钢轨动力吸振器较常规型动力吸振器拥有更加优越的减振性能。Rail vibration absorbers are effective to control the noise of wheels and rails,and their structure can be optimized and designed to reduce vibration and noise more effectively.A new type of rail vibration absorber was proposed based on the amplitude magnification mechanism in this work,and the rail model attached with periodically arranged amplitude magnification vibration absorbers was established,and the energy method was used to obtain the band gap of the model structure.The calculated band structure was verified using COMSOL finite element software,and the damping effect of the amplitude magnification vibration absorber was studied and evaluated in combination with the calculation results of the displacement admittance and vibration acceleration level.In addition,the mechanism of amplitude magnification and the influence of magnification times on vibration damping performance were further analyzed.The results show that from the perspective of controlling the propagation of elastic waves in the rail structure,the proposed amplitude magnification rail vibration absorber has more superior vibration reduction performance to conventional vibration absorbers.

关 键 词：钢轨吸振器 振幅放大 周期结构 带隙 能量法 

分 类 号：U213.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]