轮轨滑动对高速铁路扣件弹条振动特性的影响  

Effect of wheel-rail slip on the vibration characteristics of fastener clips in high-speed railways

作　　者：康熙 陈光雄[2] 何俊华 宋启峰 禄盛 KANG Xi;CHEN Guangxiong;HE Junhua;SONG Qifeng;LU Sheng(School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China;Tribology Research Institute,School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆邮电大学先进制造工程学院,重庆400065 [2]西南交通大学机械工程学院摩擦学研究所,成都610031

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2023年第18期63-70,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52175189);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202300603);重庆邮电大学引进人才基金(E012A2023034)。

摘　　要：针对高速铁路纵坡区段ω型扣件弹条的失效现象,采用复特征值法研究了轮轨滑动工况下车轮-钢轨-扣件系统有限元模型的稳定性。通过对比系统摩擦自激振动模态和扣件弹条结构模态,分析了弹条共振现象的发生。通过重新编译钢轨有限元模型节点坐标,模拟了高速铁路钢轨波磨的真实廓形,分析了钢轨波磨激励的强迫振动对弹条共振的影响。研究结果表明,当高速列车在纵坡区段牵引或制动时,轮轨间纵向蠕滑力易趋于饱和,可引起约603 Hz不稳定振动的发生。该振动不仅可以激发扣件弹条第3阶模态,还可导致钢轨波磨。当列车以300 km/h速度运行时,波磨激励的强迫振动也可导致弹条共振。轨下垫板静刚度、扣件预紧力对轮轨滑动引起的603 Hz不稳定振动发生趋势的影响较小。Aiming at the failure phenomenon ofωtype fastener clips in the longitudinal gradient section of high-speed railways,the stability of the finite element model of a wheel-rail-fasteners system in wheel-rail slip condition was studied via the complex feature value method.Comparing the frictional self-excited vibration mode and the fastener clip structural mode,the occurrence of clip resonance phenomenon was analyzed.By recompiling the node coordinates of the rail surface,the real profile of rail corrugation in the high-speed railway was simulated,and the effect of forced vibrations excited by the rail corrugation on the clip resonance was evaluated.The results show that when the high-speed train does a tow or brakes in the longitudinal gradient section,the wheel-rail longitudinal creep force tends to be saturated,causing the unstable vibration of about 603 Hz.This vibration can not only excite the third-order mode of the fastener clip,but also cause the formation of rail corrugation.When the train runs at 300 km/h,the wheel-rail vibration excited by the rail corrugation can also cause the clip to resonate.The static stiffness of the rail pad and the fastener preload have less effect on the tendency toward unstable vibration of 603 Hz caused by wheel-rail slip.

关 键 词：高速铁路 扣件弹条 轮轨滑动 摩擦自激振动 钢轨波磨 

分 类 号：U211.3[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]