行政非诉执行申请期限性质的困惑与出路  

The Confusion and Outlet of the Nature ofAdministrative Non-litigation Enforcement Application Period

作　　者：杜昕怡 Du Xinyi

机构地区：[1]浙江大学光华法学院

出　　处：《南大法学》2023年第5期74-84,共11页NanJing University Law Journal

摘　　要：根据现行司法解释,行政机关逾期申请强制执行,法院将不予受理,这实际上是变相将申请执行期限定性为除斥期间,容易导致合法有效的行政决定得不到执行。在检察院提起的行政公益诉讼中,法院判决行政机关继续履行相关领域的监管职责,使得没有强制执行权的行政机关与拥有强制执行权的行政机关并无二致,违背了法律禁止没有强制执行权的行政机关自行强制执行的立法宗旨。在司法实践中,法院在对逾期申请执行的行政决定执行力有无的判断上也存在矛盾。因此,宜在《行政强制法》中区别申请期限与执行时效,将非诉执行申请期限解释为行政机关的法定履职期限,并专门建立区别于申请执行期限的行政执行时效制度。对于行政机关超过申请期限申请法院强制执行的,法院应受理;只有超过行政执行时效才申请法院强制执行的,法院才能裁定不予受理。According to the current judicial interpretation,if an administrative organ applies for enforcement exceding the time limit,the court will not accept it,which is actually a disguised characterization of the application enforcement period as exclusion period,leading to the failure of legal and effective administrative decisions to be enforced.In the administrative public interest lawsuit filed by the procuratorate,the court ruled that the administrative organ continued to perform its regulatory duties in the relevant field,making no difference between the administrative organ without enforcement power and the administrative organ with enforcement power.It violates the legislative purpose of the law prohibiting the administrative organs without enforcement power to enforce it by themselves.In judicial practice,there are contradictions in the court's judgment on the enforcement of administrative decisions that enforcement application is overdue.Therefore,it is appropriate to distinguish between the application period and the execution limitation in the Administrative Compulsion Law,interpret the non-litigation enforcement application period as the statutory performance period of the administrative organ,and specifically establish a system of administrative enforcement limitation that is different from the application for enforcement period.Where an administrative organ applies to the court for compulsory enforcement beyond the time limit,the court shall accept it.Only if the application for compulsory enforcement to the court beyond execution limitation,the court can rule that it is inadmissible.

关 键 词：行政非诉执行 申请期限 执行时效 除斥期间 

分 类 号：D925.3[政治法律—诉讼法学] D922.11[政治法律—法学]