7个平欧杂交榛子品种的生理解剖特性及其抗寒性研究  

Study on physiological anatomical characteristics and cold resistance of 7 Corylus heterophylla×C.Avellana varieties

作　　者：刘在国 赵通 马超 赵梦炯 陈炜青 LIU Zaiguo;ZHAO Tong;MA Chao;ZHAO Mengjiong;CHEN Weiqing(Gansu Academy of Forestry Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu 730020,China;Gansu Woody Oil Engineering Research Center,Lanzhou,Gansu 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省林业科学研究院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃省木本油料工程研究中心,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2023年第5期138-149,共12页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广项目([2020]ZYTG11);甘肃省木本油料工程中心创新能力提升项目(甘财建[2021]202号)。

摘　　要：为了解榛子对低温胁迫的生理响应机制,筛选甘肃高寒地区适宜种植的抗寒性品种,以辽宁省经济林研究所引进的7个榛子品种的休眠期枝条和叶片为试验材料,分别对其进行低温处理,测定其光合以及相关生理指标,同时采用石蜡切片观察不同品种叶片的显微结构,并用主成分分析综合评价各品种的抗寒性强弱。结果表明:(1)不同时期品种达维的P n最高,分别为20.7(7月)、11.8(8月)、8.7(9月)μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1);辽榛8号的G s在7月和9月出现最低值,分别为0.11 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)(7月)和0.06 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)(9月),而8月辽榛3号的G s最低,为0.133 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1);9月品种辽榛9号的C i达到最高值,为334.33μmol·mol^(-1);品种玉坠的T r在9月则表现为最低,仅为0.74 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)。(2)不同温度处理下(-20℃除外),辽榛8号的可溶性糖含量高于其他品种,-30℃时,辽榛9号的淀粉含量最低,仅为19.86μg·g^(-1),各品种的淀粉含量在-25℃时降至最低,分别为29.86(达维)、28.98(辽榛8号)、19.63(辽榛7号)、24.56(玉坠)、18.56(辽榛9号)、14.44(辽榛3号)、19.68(辽榛4号)μg·g^(-1)。(3)-30℃时,达维的脯氨酸、丙二醛含量以及超氧化物歧化酶活性高于其他品种,辽榛3号的相对电导率含量上升幅度显著高于其他品种,为75.88%,而玉坠的电导率上升幅度最低,仅为48.65%。(4)通过石蜡切片观察,达维的栅栏组织和海绵组织厚度最高,分别为168.6μm和97.6μm;各品种的叶片厚度均达到120μm以上,且达维的叶片疏松度最高,为0.62;达维和辽榛7号的上、下表皮厚度均在10μm以上,辽榛3号的上、下表皮厚度在7个品种中最小,分别为13.8μm和7.5μm。根据主成分分析对各项指标进行综合评价,7个品种中,达维的综合得分(91.131)最高,辽榛7号和玉坠次之,辽榛3号得分最低。据此可知,达维、辽榛7号和玉坠品种的抗寒性优于其他品种,可作为高寒地区示范推广�The purpose of this study was to preliminarily evaluate the physiological response mechanism of hazelnut to low temperature stress and select cold resistant varieties suitable for planting in high cold regions of Gansu Province.The dormant branches of 7 varieties introduced by Liaoning Economic Forestry Research Institute were used as experimental materials.They were treated with low temperature,and their photosynthesis and related physiological indexes were measured.Meanwhile,the microstructure of leaves of different varieties was observed by paraffin section,and the cold resistance of each variety was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis.The results showed that:(1)The highest P n values of Dawei were 20.7(July),11.8(August)and 8.7(September)in different periods,respectively.The lowest G s of Liaozhen 8 occurred in July and September with 0.11(July)and 0.06(September),and the lowest G s was 0.133 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)of Liaozhen 3 in August;In September,the variety Liaozhen 9 exhibited the highest value of 334.33μmol·mol^(-1).On the other hand,the lowest value of T r,observed in the variety Yuzhui,was only 0.74 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1).(2)Under different temperature treatments(except-20℃),the soluble sugar content of Liaozhen 8 was higher than other varieties.At-30℃,the starch content of Liaozhen 9 was significantly lower than other varieties,which was 19.86μg·g^(-1).The starch content of each variety decreased to its lowest level at-25℃,measuring 29.86(Dawei),28.98(Liaozhen 8),19.63(Liaozhen 7),24.56(Yuzhui),18.56(Liaozhen 9),14.44(Liaozhen 3)μg·g^(-1) and 19.68(Liaozhen 4)μg·g^(-1),respectively.(3)The proline and malondialdehyde contents as well as superoxide dismutase activity of Dawei reached the highest values at-30℃,respectively.The increase in conductivity content of variety Liaozhen 3 was significantly higher than other varieties at 75.88%,while the lowest increase in conductivity was observed in Yuzhui at 48.65%.(4)As observed by paraffin section,Dawei had the highest thi

关 键 词：榛子 抗寒性 生理特性 叶片解剖结构 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S664.4[农业科学—果树学] S602[农业科学—园艺学] Q945.78[生物学—植物学]