基于值率模型的电动汽车动力电池电压异常检测  

Abnormal Voltage Detection of Battery for Electric Vehicles Based on Value Rate Model

作　　者：刘启全 马建[1] 赵轩[1] 张凯[1] 孟德安 相里康 Liu Qiquan;Ma Jian;Zhao Xuan;Zhang Kai;Meng Dean;Xiang Likang(School of Automobile,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710000)

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,西安710000

出　　处：《汽车工程》2023年第9期1728-1739,共12页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52172362);陕西省科技重大专项(2020zdzx06-01-01);陕西省重点产业创新链(群)项目(2020ZDLGY16-01,2021ZDLGY12-01)资助。

摘　　要：准确高效的电动汽车动力电池系统异常检测对保障车辆安全可靠运行具有重要意义。基于此本文提出了一种基于电压变化率的新型动力电池电压异常诊断方法,用于检测电池组中单体电压的异常波动故障。进一步的,引入基于改进Z分数方法的评估系数来对电压异常波动程度进行定量表征。在此基础上,基于实车数据验证了本文所提方法的有效性和可靠性。此外,与常用熵方法进行对比分析,结果表明:本文所提方法具有可靠的故障诊断结果和较高的计算效率,实际工程应用价值更高。最后,基于该模型,通过对大量同类型纯电动汽车的电压数据进行统计分析,得到了该车型电池系统中电压异常风险情况的分布,通过分析隐藏在表面之下的异常,可以为车企动力电池系统或整车的结构设计提供参考。Accurate and efficient abnormal detection of electric vehicle power battery systems is of great significance to ensure safe and reliable operation of vehicles.Based on this,a new power battery voltage abnormality diagnosis method based on voltage variation rate is proposed for detecting abnormal voltage fluctuation faults of individual cells in a battery pack.Further,an evaluation coefficient based on an improved Z-score method is introduced to quantitatively characterize the degree of abnormal voltage fluctuation.On this basis,the validity and reliability of the proposed method is verified based on real-world vehicle data.In addition,a comparative analysis with the commonly used entropy method shows that the method proposed in this paper has reliable fault diagnosis results and high calculation efficiency,with higher value of engineering application.Finally,based on the model,the distribution of the risk of voltage abnormalities in the battery system of this type of vehicle is obtained by statistically analyzing the voltage data of a large number of electric vehicles of the same type.By analyzing the abnormalities hidden beneath the surface,it can provide a reference for vehicle manufacturers for design of the power battery system or the entire vehicle structure.

关 键 词：动力电池 电压异常检测 评估系数 故障形式 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]