2020—2021年新冠感染疫情下成年学生微信用户的焦虑抑郁情况及变化分析  

Prevalence and changes of anxiety and depression among adult students using WeChat during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic,2020-2021

作　　者：曾叙衡 魏燕 陈润迪 周君安 苌凤水 ZENG Xuheng;WEI Yan;CHEN Rundi;ZHOU Junan;CHANG Fengshui(Department of Health Policy and Management,School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院卫生事业管理学教研室,上海200032

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2023年第9期1049-1054,共6页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71673052)。

摘　　要：目的分析新冠感染疫情控制早期和常态化防控期成年学生的焦虑/抑郁情况及其影响因素,并分析焦虑/抑郁的变化。方法分别于2020年3月和2021年3月,在学生微信群中发放问卷,使用广泛性焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表评估焦虑/抑郁,采用多元logistic回归分析焦虑/抑郁影响因素,使用1∶1匹配分析焦虑/抑郁的变化。结果两年中分别有941名和764名学生纳入研究。2020和2021年,学生焦虑的比例分别是34.9%和36.4%,抑郁的比例分别是43.0%和48.4%,匹配后发现焦虑(P=0.359)和抑郁(P=0.186)的比例变化均无统计学意义,但2021年中重度焦虑(P=0.015)和重度抑郁(P=0.012)比例有一定下降。多因素分析发现,健康状况差、患有慢性病和医疗服务受到影响在两个年份均是学生焦虑/抑郁的危险因素(OR=1.708~6.415,P<0.050)。2020年研究生的焦虑/抑郁可能性均比大专/本科生高(OR=1.613~1.752,P<0.010),周围新冠感染疫情较重的学生焦虑可能性更高(OR=1.750,P=0.048),城市学生发生焦虑的可能性大于农村学生(OR=1.384,P=0.030)。2021年缺少物品的学生更容易焦虑/抑郁(OR=1.758~1.854,P<0.05),但2020年缺少物品只会增加焦虑的可能性(OR=1.507,P=0.010)。结论从疫情控制早期到常态化防控期,成年学生焦虑/抑郁情况有所减轻但仍处于较高水平。建议持续关注我国成年学生的心理健康变化情况,尤其是健康状况较差和医疗服务受到影响的学生。Objective To analyze the prevalence,influencing factors and changes of anxiety/depression among adult students in the early control period and regular prevention and control period of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Methods Online questionnaires were distributed in WeChat groups of students in March 2020 and March 2021 respectively.Generalized Self-rating Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale(GAD-7)and Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)were used to assess anxiety/depression respectively.Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to identifying the factors affecting anxiety/depression.The changes of anxiety/depression were analyzed based on 1:1 matching method.Results Nine hundred and forty-one adult students were enrolled into the study in 2020,and 764 ones in 2021.The proportions of anxiety/depression were 34.9%/43.0%in 2020,and 36.4%/48.4%in 2021 respectively.After the matching,no statistically significant differences were found in the changes of proportions of anxiety(P=0.359)and depression(P=0.186),but the proportions of moderate-to-severe anxiety(P=0.015)and severe depression(P=0.012)decreased to some extent.Multivariate analysis displayed that poor health,suffering from chronic diseases and negative impact on medical service need(OR=1.708-6.415,P<0.050)were risk factors for anxiety/depression in 2020 and 2021.Compared with college students and undergraduates,postgraduates showed higher possibilities of anxiety/depression in 2020(OR=1.613-1.752,P<0.010).Students who reported severe perceived risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection were more likely to have anxiety(OR=1.750,P=0.048),and those who lived in cities were prone to anxiety than those who lived in the rural areas(OR=1.384,P=0.030).Students who reported items in shortage were more likely to suffer from anxiety/depression in 2021(OR=1.758-1.854,P<0.05),but they were only more prone to suffering from anxiety in 2020(OR=1.507,P=0.010).Conclusion From the early remission stage to the regular prevention and control period,the prevalence of anxiety/depression in the adult students

关 键 词：新冠感染疫情 成年学生 焦虑 抑郁 影响因素 变化 

分 类 号：R749.41[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]