富脯氨酸抗菌肽的功能与作用机制  

Function and mechanism of proline-rich antimicrobial peptides

作　　者：王继红[1] 韩雯旭 宁淑香[1] WANG Jihong;HAN Wenxu;NING Shuxiang(College of Life Science,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116081,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁大连116081

出　　处：《辽宁师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期354-362,共9页Journal of Liaoning Normal University:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：富脯氨酸抗菌肽(proline-rich antimicrobial peptides, PrAMPs)是最早分离自动物的线性多肽,具有较高的抗菌活性且细胞毒性较低,在天然免疫中具有重要的作用,是对抗多种耐药病原体的理想药物.富脯氨酸抗菌肽主要有3种来源:昆虫、哺乳动物和植物,其中,绝大多数PrAMPs来自前两种动物,只有少部分来自植物.这些PrAMPs的最大特点就是都富含脯氨酸,对革兰氏阴性菌和少部分革兰氏阳性菌、真菌均具有抑制作用.PrAMPs的作用机制不同于其他抗菌肽(antimicrobial peptides, AMPs)的膜破坏作用模式,其是通过进入细菌细胞质后与其内部靶点(DnaK蛋白)结合的模式对DnaK的生物学功能进行抑制,从而最终导致细菌死亡.这一作用机制对于抗菌新药的开发很有意义.除了抗菌作用外,PrAMPs还具有其他重要的生物学功能,其在抑制炎症反应、刺激血管生成以及对NF-κB信号的影响等方面都具有重要作用.这些发现表明PrAMPs在伤口修复、炎症、缺血-再灌注损伤以及诱导血管生成等方面具有很好的应用前景.Proline-rich antimicrobial peptides(PrAMPs)are the first linear peptides isolated from animals with high antimicrobial activity and low cytotoxicity.They play an important role in innate immunity and are ideal drugs to combat a variety of drug-resistant pathogens.There are three main sources of proline-rich antimicrobial peptides:insects,mammals and plants.Most PrAMPs come from the first two animals,and only a small part comes from plants.The most important feature of these PrAMPs is that they are rich in proline and have inhibitory effects on Gram-negative bacteria and a small part of Gram-positive bacteria and fungi.The mechanism of action of PrAMPs is different from the membrane destruction mode of other antimicrobial peptides(AMPs),which is to inhibit the biological function of DnaK by binding to its internal target(DnaK protein)after entering the cytoplasm of bacteria,thus eventually leading to bacterial death.This mechanism of action is of great significance for the development of new antimicrobial drugs.In addition to their antibacterial effects,PrAMPs have other important biological functions.It plays an important role in inhibiting inflammation,stimulating angiogenesis,and affecting NF-κB signaling.These findings suggest that PrAMPs have promising applications in wound repair,inflammation,ischemia-reperfusion injury,and angiogenesis induction.

关 键 词：抗菌肽 富脯氨酸抗菌肽 抗菌机制 DNAK 

分 类 号：Q51[生物学—生物化学]