不同梯度微生物菌剂对青花鸡粪发酵的影响  

Effects of different gradient microbial agents on the fermentation of chicken manure from Qinghua chicken

作　　者：苏杭 谭港 高珩邵 刘子湲 赵倩 吴玉 苏金全 王绍卿 Su Hang;Tan Gang;Gao Hengshao;Liu Ziyuan;Zhao Qian;Wu Yu;Su Jinquan;Wang Shaoqing(College of Veterinary Medicine,Yunnan Agricultural University,Yunnan Kunming 650201;Jianchuan County Laojunshan Qinghua Chicken Limited Liability Company,Yunnan Dali 671000)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物医学院,云南昆明650201 [2]剑川县老君山青花鸡产业发展有限责任公司,云南大理671000

出　　处：《现代畜牧兽医》2023年第9期16-20,共5页Modern Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：云南农业大学第十四届学生科技创新创业行动基金项目(2021XNKX017)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究不同梯度微生物菌剂对滇西特色畜禽品种青花鸡粪的发酵效果的影响。研究采用单因素随机试验,设置4个梯度,共8份样品,每份均采用经处理后非用药期青花鸡雏鸡鸡粪3 kg,分别加入0(对照组,A组)、3%(B组)、4%(C组)、5%(D组)菌液,进行为期3个月的发酵试验,发酵完成后进行感官鉴定、理化鉴定、病原微生物检测。结果显示:发酵完成后,各试验组样品比对照组颜色更深、酸香味更浓、质地更蓬松柔软;B组、C组发酵完成后水分含量显著高于A组(P<0.05),D组发酵完成后水分含量极显著高于A组(P<0.01);D组发酵完成后温度极显著高于A组(P<0.01);B组、D组发酵完成后pH值极显著高于A组(P<0.01),C组显著高于A组(P<0.05)。根据菌落形态筛选出的6份可疑菌落经PCR测序,结果显示,1号样品与志贺氏菌同源性达98.33%,2号样品与大肠杆菌同源性达99.29%,3号样品与大肠杆菌同源性达99.03%,4号样品与海氏肠球菌同源性达94.48%,5号样品与大肠杆菌同源性达99.39%,6号样品与大肠杆菌同源性达99.04%。D组样品中大肠杆菌数量比A组下降了4个数量级,C组、D组样品均未培养出志贺氏菌。研究表明,应选择添加量至少为5%的菌液进行发酵,并根据滇西片区气候特点选择适合畜禽粪便发酵的优势微生物。The aim of the experiment was to study the effect of different gradient microbial agents on the fermentation of chicken manure of the characteristic breeds of livestock and poultry in western Yunnan.A single factor randomized trial was conducted with four gradients,and a total of eight samples were collected.Each sample was treated with 3 kg of chicken feces at non-drug stage and added with 0(control group,group A),3%(group B),4%(group C)and 5%(group D)bacterial solution,respectively,for a 3-month fermentation test.After fermentation,sensory identification,physical and chemical identification and pathogenic microorganism detection were carried out.The results showed that after fermentation,the samples in experimental groups were darker in color,stronger in sour flavor and puffier in texture than those in control group.The water content of group B and group C after fermentation was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05),and the water content of group D after fermentation was extremely higher than that of group A(P<0.01).The fermentation temperature in group D was extremely higher than that in group A(P<0.01).The pH value of group B and group D after fermentation was extremely higher than that of group A(P<0.01),and that of group C was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05).The six suspected colonies selected according to colony morphology were sequenced by PCR.The results showed that sample 1 had 98.33%homology with Shigella,sample 2 had 99.29%homology with Escherichia coli,sample 3 had 99.03%homology with Escherichia coli,sample 4 had 94.48%homology with Escherichia coli,sample 5 had 99.39%homology with Escherichia coli,and sample 6 had 99.04%homology with Escherichia coli.The number of Escherichia coli in group D was four orders of magnitude lower than that in group A,and no Shigella was cultured in group C and group D.The study indicates that the fermentation should be carried out with at least 5%bacterial solution,and the superior microorganisms suitable for livestock and poultry manure f

关 键 词：粪便发酵 微生物菌剂 青花鸡 鸡粪 发酵试验 

分 类 号：S879.9[农业科学—畜牧兽医]