污水管网中真菌的生长规律及致病性真菌风险评估  

Fungal growth and risk assessment of pathogenic fungi in sewer system

作　　者：惠依莲 石烜[1,2] 张琼华 韩剑霜[1] 金鹏康 HUI Yilian;SHI Xuan;ZHANG Qionghua;HAN Jianshuang;JIN Pengkang(School of Environmental&Municipal Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture&Technology,Xi'an 710055;School of Human Settlement and Civil Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710054)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安710055 [2]西安交通大学人居环境与建筑工程学院,西安710054

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2023年第9期102-109,共8页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(No.52200117);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(No.2022M722527);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(No.xzy012022079)。

摘　　要：真菌是污水管网生物膜系统的重要组成部分,在污水输送过程中存在着暴露致病风险.为探明污水管网中真菌的生长规律及其致病性,本文通过建立一套污水管网中试系统,探究了生物膜的形成特性及真菌的分布规律,评估了污水管网中致病真菌的暴露风险.研究结果表明,污水管网生物膜和微生物的形态多样性随着培养时间增加,真菌种群的优势菌以罗兹菌门(Rozellomycota,43.9%~56.9%)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota,4.7%~17.2%)为主,罗兹菌门的罗兹属(unidentified_Rozellomycota_sp)在属水平真菌中相对丰度最大.同时,检测出了18种人类致病真菌,典型的4种人类致病真菌中篮状菌属(Talaromyces)的感染概率最大,为0.1877,链格孢属(Alternaria)、锐孔菌属(Oxyporus)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)的感染概率分别为0.0176、0.0113、0.0118,年平均感染概率均超过美国EPA(10^(-4))和WHO(10^(-3))标准,存在较大的健康风险.对于城市污水管网系统而言,致病性真菌的传播风险需要引起重视,本研究为污水管网系统中致病真菌的暴露和感染风险预测提供了参考.Fungi are an important part of the biofilm system in the sewer system,and there is a risk of exposure during sewage transportation.In order to explore the growth law and pathogenicity of fungi in sewer system,this manuscript established a pilot sewer system to investigate the formation characteristics of biofilm and the distribution regularity of fungi,meanwhile,evaluate the exposure risk of pathogenic fungi in sewer system.The results showed that the morphological diversity of biofilms and microorganisms in the sewer system increased with the culture time.The dominant bacteria of the fungal population were mainly Rozellomycota(43.9%~56.9%)and Basidiomycota(4.7%~17.2%),among which the relative abundance of unidentified_Rozellomycota_sp was the highest.At the same time,eighteen kinds of human pathogenic fungi were detected.As for the four typical human pathogenic fungi,the infection probability of Talaromyces with the value of 0.1877 was the highest,and the corresponding infection probabilities of Alternaria,Oxyporus and Aspergillus were 0.0176,0.0113 and 0.0118,respectively,all of which exceed the standards of U.S.EPA(10^(-4))and WHO(10^(-3)),showing great health risk.Therefore,it is important to pay more attention on the transmission risk triggered by pathogenic fungi.This manuscript provides a reference for the exposure and infection risk prediction of pathogenic fungi in the sewer system.

关 键 词：污水管网 胞外聚合物 生物膜 真菌 高通量测序 风险评估 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X820.4