对于轻食的认知现状:一项基于专家和青年消费者的调查  

CURRENT PERCEPTIONS OF LIGHT MEAL:A SURVEY BASED ON EXPERTS AND YOUNG CONSUMERS

作　　者：张梦雪 王静 朱惠莲[1] 杨月欣 ZHANG Meng-xue;WANG Jin;ZHU Hui-lian;YANG Yue-xin(Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510080;Chinese Nutrition Society,Beijing 100000;3The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450014,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学,广州510080 [2]中国营养学会,北京100000 [3]郑州大学第二附属医院,郑州450014

出　　处：《营养学报》2023年第4期366-370,377,共6页Acta Nutrimenta Sinica

基　　金：中国营养学会轻食研究项目。

摘　　要：目的了解青年人对轻食的消费现状,确定轻食定义和营养学共识,为指导人们正确认识轻食、普及健康知识、规范轻食管理以及制定相关政策提供科学依据。方法采用线上发布“轻食消费现状问卷调查”;通过德尔菲专家调查法,达成关于轻食定义和共识。描述性分析采用χ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05,所有P值均取双侧概率,对轻食消费现状的影响因素分析采用多因素logistic回归分析。结果调查发现≤25岁、女性、企业普通职员、高学历、BMI为18.5-27.9的人群是影响轻食消费的正向关联因素。大部分人认为少油、少糖、少盐是轻食的膳食特点(83.21%、75.39%、74.94%),轻食最常见的烹饪方式是沙拉、清蒸、水煮是(71.61%、71.20%、61.93%)和较少的加工程序(71.59%)。大多调查者认为轻食能够控制体重、有利于“三高”、降低肿瘤风险(80.73%、69.88%、56.07%)。调查人群中有81.66%的人消费过轻食,其中52.62%的人群1w消费2~4次;选择自己制作轻食(62.03%)及在晚餐消费轻食者占比最高(69.10%)。结论德尔菲专家调查研究获得了轻食的营养学共识与定义,大多数调查者消费过轻食的认知与德尔菲专家结果类似;轻食对健康的作用需要更多的人群研究证据来支持。Objective To understand the current perceptions of light meal among young people,and determine the definition of light meal and nutritional consensus.Methods The"Questionnaire on the Status of Light meal Consumption"was published online.Through the Delphi expert survey method,the definition and consensus on light meal were reached.The descriptive data were analysed usingχ^(2)test,and the test level wasα=0.05.All P values were taken as two-sided probabilities.The influencing factors of light meal consumption were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results The survey found that≤25 years old,female,ordinary enterprise employees,highly educated,and BMI 18.5-27.9 were the positive correlation factors affecting light meal consumption.Most people thought that less oil,less sugar and less salt were the dietary characteristics of light meal(83.21%,75.39%,74.94%),and the most common cooking methods of light meal were salad,steamed,boiled(71.61%,71.20%),61.93%)and fewer cooking and processing(71.59%).Most of the investigators believed that light meal could control body weight,be beneficial to the"three highs",and reduce the risk of tumors(80.73%,69.88%,56.07%).Among the surveyed population,81.66%had consumed light meal,and 52.62%of them consumed light meal 2-4 times a week;those who chose to make light meal by themselves(62.03%)and consumed light meal at dinner time accounted for the highest proportion(69.10%).Conclusion The Delphi expert survey gives rise to the nutritional consensus and definition of light meal,and the cognition of the majority of respondents who consumed light meal was similar to the results of the Delphi experts survey.The effects of light meal on health need more evidence from population studies to support.

关 键 词：轻食 德尔菲 认知行为 

分 类 号：R151.4[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]