稠油乳化-剥离双效体系构筑及性能评价  

Construction and Performance Evaluation of Emulsification-Stripping Dual Effect System for Heavy Oil

作　　者：胡俊杰 张贵才[1] 王翔[1] 王玉根 裴海华[1] 杨柳[1] HU Junjie;ZHANG Guicai;WANG Xiang;WANG Yugen;PEI Haihua;YANG Liu(Petroleum Engineering College,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao,Shandong 266580,P R of China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《油田化学》2023年第3期490-495,共6页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“稠油化学复合冷采基础研究与工业示范”(项目编号2018YFA0702400);山东省自然科学基金“纳米颗粒稳定乳状液在油藏孔隙介质中形成条件及流度控制机理研究”(项目编号ZR2019MEE085)。

摘　　要：胜利油田稠油油藏开发存在原油黏度大、流动性差等问题,导致水驱采收率不理想。针对这一问题,以乳化不稳定系数、油膜收缩速率和最小乳化转速为指标,构筑了由甜菜碱类表面活性剂(CBT)与阴离子/非离子表面活性剂(ASC)组成的乳化-剥离双效体系。通过室内填砂流动实验评价了该双效体系对稠油的乳化和剥离能力,并利用微观模型研究了其作用机理。结果表明,CBT对稠油具有优异的乳化性能和大幅降低油水界面张力的作用,ASC对稠油具有良好的剥离能力,而复配体系兼具优异的乳化和剥离性能。双效体系通过乳化残余油,提高了洗油效率,改变了液流方向。同时,该体系的润湿和渗透作用促进了固体壁面上油膜的收缩剥离。CBT、ASC质量比为3∶2的复配体系在质量分数为0.3%的条件下,采收率达到50.36%,相比于水驱提高了14.18百分点,这对高效开发稠油油藏具有重要的指导意义。There are some problems in the development of heavy oil reservoir in Shengli oilfield,such as high viscosity and poor fluidity of crude oil,leading to unsatisfactory water drive recovery.To address this issue,an emulsification-stripping dual effect system consisting of betaine-based surfactant(CBT)and anionic/non-ionic surfactant(ASC)was constructed using emulsification instability coefficient,oil film shrinkage rate,and minimum emulsification speed as indicators.The emulsification and stripping ability of the dual-effect system for heavy oil was evaluated by indoor sand filling flow experiments,and then its mechanism was studied by using microscopic model.The results showed that CBT had excellent emulsification performance and significantly reduced the oil-water interfacial tension for heavy oil,while ASC had well stripping ability for heavy oil.The composite system had excellent emulsification and stripping properties.The dual-effect system increased the washing efficiency and changed the flow direction by emulsifying residual oil.At the same time,the wetting and osmosis of the system promoted the shrinkage and stripping of oil film on the solid wall.Under the condition of CBT/ASC composite system with a mass ratio of 3∶2 and the dosage of 0.3%,the recovery rate reached 50.36%,which increased by 14.18 percentage points comparing with water flooding.It had important guiding significance for the efficient development of heavy oil reservoir.

关 键 词：稠油 乳化 剥离 界面张力 微观驱替 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]