课程优化在医学生精神心理专业课教学中的探索  

Exploration of curriculum optimization in the teaching of medical students' mental and psychological courses

作　　者：曹红梅[1] 杨小波[2] 高成阁[2] 陈策[2] 郭丽阳[2] CAO Hongmei;YANG Xiaobo;GAO Chengge;CHEN Ce;GUO Liyang(Department of Neurology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,China;Department of Psychiatry,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第一附属医院神经内科,陕西西安710061 [2]西安交通大学第一附属医院精神科,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《医学教育研究与实践》2023年第5期634-638,共5页Medical Education Research and Practice

摘　　要：目的通过对《心理学》和《精神病学》的教学内容进行适当调整,加强医学生对心理学知识的学习,以期优化医学生《精神病学》学习效果以及心理健康教育。方法根据入学分班,随机将两个大班学生分别作为实验组和对照组。实验组学生在《医学心理学》学习过程中,重点倾向于“基础心理学”内容的学习,对照组学生则按照原教学大纲内容不做课程内容调整。在学习《精神病学》课程时,实验组加入《变态心理学》内容,强调精神障碍的心理学病因及心理治疗,对照组不做相关内容的调整。学期结束时对比两组学生期末结业考试笔试成绩。在学生毕业前压力最大时,进行两组学生HAMA和HAMD评分,比较两组间焦虑抑郁评分结果。结果两组学生之间《医学心理学》课程成绩无显著性差异(t=1.48,P=0.14)。实验组《精神病学》成绩高于对照组,有显著性差异(t=2.13,P=0.03)。实验组HAMA与HAMD评分值均较对照组低,有显著性差异(t=-9.51,P=0.00;t=-6.66,P=0.00)。结论在医学生的教育培训过程中,加强心理学内容学习,不但可以提高他们的《精神病学》考试成绩,还可以减轻他们面临毕业前压力时的焦虑和抑郁情绪。Objective By making appropriate adjustments to the teaching content of Psychology and Psychiatry,strengthen the learning of psychology knowledge by medical students.Reveal the impact of strengthening the study of psychology on the learning effect of Psychiatry and mental health of medical students.Methods According to the classification of enrollment,two classes of students were randomly used as experimental and control groups.In the process of learning Medical Psychology,the students in the experimental group tend to focus on the study of basic psychology knowledge.The control group students did not adjust the course content according to the original syllabus.While studying the course Psychiatry,the experimental group added the content of Abnormal Psychology,emphasized the psychological causes and psychotherapy of mental disorders.The control group did not make adjustments to the relevant content.At the end of the semester,the written test results of the final examination of the two groups of students were compared.When students were most stressed before graduation,both groups of students were scored on the HAMA and the HAMD scale.Anxiety and depression scores were compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in Medical Psychology scores between the two groups(t=1.48,P=0.14).The experimental group Psychiatry scores is higher than the control group,there was a significant difference(t=2.13,P=0.03).The HAMA and HAMD scores of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group,showing significant differences(t=-9.51,P=0.00;t=-6.66,P=0.00).Conclusion In the course of medical students' study and training,strengthening the study of psychology can not only improve their scores in Psychiatry,but also reduce their anxiety and depression when facing the pressure before graduation.

关 键 词：心理学 精神病学 医学生 心理健康 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]